| ABBREVIATION |
|
| Cd |
Cadmium |
| CdCl2 |
Cadmium chloride |
| CdS |
Cadmium sulphide |
| Pb |
Lead |
| Hg |
Mercury |
| HgCl2 |
Mercury chloride |
| MeHg |
Methyl Mercury |
| MeHgCl |
Methyl Mercury Chloride |
| V |
Vanadium |
| Pt |
Platinum |
| Pd |
Palladium |
| ROS |
Reactive Oxygen Species |
| O2− |
Superoxide anion |
| H2O2 |
Hydrogen Peroxide |
| HOCl |
Hypochlorous Acid |
| OH’ |
Hydroxyl Radical |
| NO |
Nitric Oxide |
| iNOS |
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase |
| MMP |
Matrix Metalloproteinases |
| LTB4, LTC4 and LTD4 |
Leukotriene B4, Leukotriene C4 & D4 |
| IL (e.g IL-8) |
Interleukin (e.g. interleukin-8) |
| TNF |
Tumor necrosis factor |
| MCP-1 |
Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 |
| MIP-1a |
Macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha |
| NFkB |
Nuclear factor kappa B |
| AP-1 |
Activation protein-1 |
| JNK |
c-Jun N-terminal kinase |
| MEK-1 |
MAP (Mitogen-Activated Protein) Kinase/ERK ( |
| P38 MAPK |
p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases |
| ERK-1 |
Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinases 1 |
| PI-3K |
Phosphatidylinositol-3-Kinase |
| FMLP |
N-formyl-methionyl-leucine-phenylalanine |
| PMA |
Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate |
| PKC |
Protein kinase C |
| PAF |
Platelet Activating Factor |
| PGE2 |
Prostaglandin E 2 |