Additives Sodium Stearate Sodium Bicarbonate Aluminium Glass Stearic Acid Lactose Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Calculated Work Function (eV) 4.22 4.46 4.53 5.32 5.5 5.85 7.36 Work function of the additives were determined using MOPAC2009 from structures generated with AVOGADRO 1.0.3 with Restricted Hartree Fock (RHF) PM3 methodology. The unit of Work Function is Electron volts (eV).

Table 3: Calculated work functions of materials used to study tribocharging and subsequent charge reductions in granular flows.