| 
      
        | Enzyme | Role | Nitration1 | HNE-Modification2 | Carbonylation3 | Up-Regulated4 | Down-Regulated4 | Decreased Activity5 |  
        | FBA | Glycolysis | MCI, EAD | LAD | EAD | PCAD, LAD |  |  |  
        | TPI | Glycolysis | EAD, LAD | EAD |  |  |  |  |  
        | GAPDH | Glycolysis | LAD |  | PCAD |  |  |  |  
        | PGK | Glycolysis |  | MCI |  |  |  |  |  
        | PGM | Glycolysis | EAD |  | EAD |  |  |  |  
        | Enolase | Glycolysis | MCI, EAD, LAD | MCI, EAD, LAD | LAD | LAD |  | EAD |  
        | PK | Glycolysis |  |  | PCAD |  |  | MCI |  
        | LDH | LAF | LAD | MCI |  |  |  | MCI |  
        | Aconitase | TCA Cycle |  | LAD |  | PCAD |  | LAD |  
        | MDH | TCA Cycle | MCI | EAD |  |  |  |  |  
        | COX | ETC |  |  |  |  | PCAD |  |  
        | ATPase | ETC | EAD, LAD | MCI, EAD, LAD | PCAD |  | LAD | MCI, EAD, LAD |  
        | GDH | Metabolism/
Excitotoxicity | EAD |  |  |  |  | EAD |  
        | CK | Metabolism |  |  | LAD |  |  | LAD |  
        | Cu/Zn SOD | Antioxidant |  |  | PCAD | PCAD |  | EAD* |  
        | MnSOD | Antioxidant |  | EAD, LAD |  | LAD |  | EAD* |  
        | GST | Antioxidant | MCI | LAD |  | LAD |  | LAD |  
        | CR | Antioxidant |  | MCI |  |  |  |  |  
        | Prx2 | Antioxidant | EAD |  |  |  |  |  |  
        | Prx6 | Antioxidant | MCI | LAD |  |  |  |  |  
        | MRP | Antioxidant | MCI | LAD |  |  |  |  |  | 
  
    | Table 1: Oxidized proteins related to metabolism and antioxidant capacity of the cell are summarized.1 see [19,23-25]. 2 see [19,21,22,47]. 3 see[18,41,43,105,106]. 4
see [21,47,107]. 5 see [19-22,47,105]. (HNE = 4-hydroxynonenal; FBA = fructose bisphosphate aldolase; TPI = triose phosphate isomerase; GAPDH = glyceraldehyde-
3-phosphate dehydrogenase; PGK = phosphoglycerate kinase; PGM = phosphoglycerate mutase; PK = pyruvate kinase; LDH = lactate dehydrogenase; MDH = malate
dehydrogenase; COX = cytochrome C oxidase; ATPase = ATP synthase; GDH = glutamate dehydrogenase; CK = creatine kinase; SOD = superoxide dismutase; GST
= glutathione-S-transferase; CR = carbonyl reductase; Prx = peroxiredoxin; MRP = multi-drug resistant protein; LAF = lactic acid fermentation; TCA = tricarboxylic acid;
ETC = electron transport chain). *Overall SOD activity is reduced in EAD.
 |