Exercise group

Diet group

P-value

Baseline

Follow-up

Baseline

Follow-up

Age (years)       

13.6 ± 2.7

14.6 ± 2.7

14.5 ± 2.3

15.5 ± 2.3

0.221

Gender

54%  Male

32% Male 

Weight (kg)

84.2 ± 19.6

77.2 ± 18.6***

83.7 ± 15.0

80.7 ± 14.8***

0.000

BMI  (kg/m²)

30.7 ± 4.0

27.5 ± 4.1***

31.3 ± 3.6

29.4 ± 4.0***

0.002

SDS-BMI

3.9 ± 1.3

2.7 ± 1.5***

4.1 ± 1.3

3.5 ± 1.6***

0.001

Body fat (%)

34.6 ± 6.7

28.3 ± 8.0***

35.5 ± 6.5

34.2 ± 6.9**

0.001

Waist (cm)

101.4 ± 11.7

94.7 ± 11.9***

103.6 ± 11.7

100.1 ± 10.0**

0.019

SDS-waist

4.2 ± 1.3

3.2 ± 1.4***

4.5 ± 1.6

4.0 ± 1.4**

0.027

Blood pressure

Systolic blood pressure
(mm Hg)

129.3 ± 10.4

107.1 ± 8.6***

122.8 ± 9.5

113.1 ± 8.1***

0.049

Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)

81.2 ± 9.8

70.7 ± 8.4***

79.3 ± 8.3

68.8 ± 10.1***

0.963

Glucose (mmol/L)

5.1 ± 0.4

4.8 ± 0.4***

5.1 ± 0.5

4.9 ± 0.5

0.154

Insulin (pmol/L)

22.9 ± 10.1

14.7 ± 7.1***

19.9 ± 5.9

13.3 ± 4.4***

0.061

HOMA-IR

5.5 ± 1.7

2.9 ± 1.7***

4.9 ± 1.7

3.2 ± 1.2***

0.047