| Drug |
Solvent
|
ID50a
(mg/ml) |
TD50b
(mg/ml) |
TIc |
| Valproic acid |
ethanol |
4.5 |
62.4 |
13.9 |
| Sodium valproate |
ethanol |
4.1 |
52 |
12.7 |
| Carbamazepine |
ethanol |
72 |
100 |
1.3 |
| Litium carbonate |
1 N HCl |
> 100 |
> 100 |
|
| Haloperidol |
ethanol |
5.6 |
103 |
18.4 |
| 9-OH-Risperidone |
tartaric acid |
20.1 |
134 |
6.7 |
| Risperidone |
tartaric acid |
74 |
129 |
1.7 |
| Fluphenazine HCl |
Toxo CGM |
3.5 |
17.9 |
5.1 |
| Clozapine |
ethanol |
5.8 |
20 |
3.4 |
| Olanzapine |
DMSO |
33.2 |
100 |
3.0 |
| Chlorpromazine HCl |
DMSO |
2.6 |
6 |
2.3 |
| Quetiapine fumarate |
DMSO |
18.6 |
33 |
1.8 |
| Trimethoprim |
DMSO |
5.3 |
63.8 |
12.1 |
aMedian inhibitory dose, a measure of tachyzoite inhibition; bMedian toxicity dose,a
measure of cytotoxicity; cTherapeutic index, a measure of efficacy determined by
TD50/ID50 ratio. DMSO, dimethylsulfoxide; Toxo CGM, Toxoplasma cell growth
medium. Valproic acid at a concentration of 1 μg/ml inhibited 7% of the tachyzoites
and trimethoprim at 3.2 μg/ml produced 2% inhibition, but the combination of these
two compounds at those concentrations resulted in a potentiating effect inhibiting
55% of the tachyzoites |
