| Variables | 
        Coefficient | 
        p-value | 
        Odds Ratio | 
        95%CI for OR | 
      
      
        | Age (yr) | 
        0.02 | 
        0.229 | 
        1.02 | 
        0.99 – 1.05 | 
      
      
        | Gender | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
      
      
        |     Female | 
        0.32 | 
        0.374 | 
        1.38 | 
        0.67 – 2.85 | 
      
      
        |     Male (ref.) | 
        - | 
          | 
        - | 
        - | 
      
      
        | Height (cm) | 
        -0.016 | 
        0.436 | 
        0.98 | 
        0.94 – 1.03 | 
      
      
        | Weight (kg) | 
        0.01 | 
        0.311 | 
        1.01 | 
        0.99 – 1.03 | 
      
      
        | Body mass index (kg/cm2) | 
        0.05 | 
        0.042 | 
        1.06 | 
        1.00 – 1.11 | 
      
      
        | Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 
        0.01 | 
        0.296 | 
        1.01 | 
        0.99 – 1.03 | 
      
      
        | Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 
        -0.01 | 
        0.767 | 
        1.00 | 
        0.96 – 1.03 | 
      
      
        | Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 
        0.17 | 
        0.271 | 
        1.18 | 
        0.88 – 1.58 | 
      
      
        | Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 
        0.12 | 
        0.359 | 
        1.13 | 
        0.88 – 1.45 | 
      
      
        | LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 
        0.05 | 
        0.799 | 
        1.05 | 
        0.73 – 1.50 | 
      
      
        | HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 
        0.42 | 
        0.492 | 
        1.52 | 
        0.47 – 4.88 | 
      
      
        | HbA1c | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
      
      
        |           ≥7%  | 
        1.03 | 
        0.014 | 
        2.79 | 
        1.13 – 6.85 | 
      
      
        |         <7%2 | 
        - | 
          | 
        - | 
        - | 
      
      
        | Education | 
          | 
        0.306 | 
          | 
          | 
      
      
        |       Illiterate | 
        0.40 | 
        0.527 | 
        1.50 | 
        0.43 – 5.23 | 
      
      
        |       Primary school | 
        -0.26 | 
        0.731 | 
        0.77 | 
        0.17 – 3.43 | 
      
      
        |       Secondary school | 
        -0.32 | 
        0.673 | 
        0.73 | 
        0.16 – 3.23 | 
      
      
        |       University2 | 
        - | 
        - | 
        - | 
        - | 
      
      
        | Occupation | 
          | 
        0.753 | 
          | 
          | 
      
      
        |      Unemployed  | 
        0.12 | 
        0.882 | 
        1.13 | 
        0.24 – 5.35 | 
      
      
        |      Retired | 
        0.57 | 
        0.366 | 
        1.77 | 
        0.51 – 6.06 | 
      
      
        |      Housewife | 
        0.46 | 
        0.411 | 
        1.59 | 
        0.53 – 4.76 | 
      
      
        |      Employed2 | 
        - | 
        - | 
        - | 
        - | 
      
      
        | Smoking | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
      
      
        |       Yes | 
        -0.27 | 
        0.717 | 
        0.77 | 
        0.17 – 3.39 | 
      
      
        |       No2 | 
        - | 
          | 
        - | 
        - | 
      
      
        | Duration of smoking | 
        0.03 | 
        0.556 | 
        1.03 | 
        0.93 – 1.15 | 
      
      
        | Duration of diabetes (yr) | 
        0.06 | 
        0.006 | 
        1.06 | 
        1.02 – 1.10 | 
      
      
        | Family history of diabetes  | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
      
      
        |      Present | 
        0.16 | 
        0.654 | 
        1.17 | 
        0.59 – 2.32 | 
      
      
        |      Absent2 | 
        - | 
          | 
        - | 
        - | 
      
      
        | Regularly visit of diabetes center  | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
      
      
        |     Yes | 
        -0.51 | 
        0.457 | 
        0.60 | 
        0.17 – 2.16 | 
      
      
        |     No2 | 
        - | 
          | 
        - | 
        - | 
      
      
        | Mode of diabetes diagnosis | 
          | 
        0.989 | 
          | 
          | 
      
      
        |    Incidental | 
        0.04 | 
        0.995 | 
        1.00 | 
        0.27 – 3.69 | 
      
      
        |   Screening | 
        -0.06 | 
        0.901 | 
        0.95 | 
        0.40 – 2.27 | 
      
      
        |   Symptomatic2 | 
        - | 
        - | 
        - | 
        - | 
      
      
        | Treatment of diabetes | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
      
      
        |   Oral hypoglycaemic agents | 
        -0.84 | 
        0.017 | 
        0.43 | 
        0.22 – 0.85 | 
      
      
        |   Insulin2 | 
        - | 
        - | 
        - | 
        - | 
      
      
        | Physical activity | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
      
      
        |     Inactive | 
        1.85 | 
        <0.001 | 
        6.36 | 
        2.94 – 13.78 | 
      
      
        |    Active2 | 
        - | 
          | 
        - | 
        - | 
      
      
        | Body fat composition | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
      
      
        |    Normal | 
        -0.93 | 
        0.024 | 
        0.40 | 
        0.17 – 0.94 | 
      
      
        |    Abnormal2 | 
          | 
          | 
        - | 
        - | 
      
      
        | Dyslipidemia | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
      
      
        |     Controlled | 
        -0.004 | 
        0.994 | 
        1.00 | 
        0.37 – 2.70 | 
      
      
        |     Uncontrolled2 | 
        - | 
          | 
        - | 
        - | 
      
      
        | Estimated glomerular filtration rate | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
      
      
        |     <60 | 
        0.594 | 
        0.193 | 
        1.81 | 
        0.77 – 4.29 | 
      
      
        |     ≥ 602 | 
        - | 
          | 
        - | 
        - | 
      
      
        | Albuminuria | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
      
      
        |     Yes | 
        0.59 | 
        0.193 | 
        1.81 | 
        0.77 – 4.29 | 
      
      
        |      No2 | 
        - | 
          | 
        - | 
        - | 
      
      
        | Retinopathy | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
      
      
        |     Yes | 
        0.53 | 
        0.265 | 
        1.69 | 
        0.70 – 4.13 | 
      
      
        |     No2  | 
        - | 
          | 
        - | 
        - |