| Time(hr) |
Non Diabetic groups |
Diabetic groups |
| PIO conc (μg/ml) |
PIO+PIP(SDI) conc(μg/ml) |
PIO+PIP(MDI) conc(μg/ml) |
PIO conc (μg/ml) |
PIO+PIP(SDI) conc(μg/ml) |
PIO+PIP(MDI) conc(μg/ml) |
| 0 |
0 ± 0 |
0 ± 0 |
0 ± 0 |
0 ± 0 |
0 ± 0 |
0 ± 0 |
| 0.5 |
2.03049 ± 0.34364 |
1.10248 ± 0.23279 |
1.30059 ± 0.27096 |
2.0157 ± 0.31452 |
1.45113 ± 0.25413 |
1.60577 ± 0.43609 |
| 1 |
1.03281 ± 0.32064 |
2.04719 ± 0.34402* |
2.06129 ± 0.44944* |
1.15479 ± 0.21450 |
2.02210 ± 0.41733 |
2.37158 ± 0.12586* |
| 2 |
0.70300 ± 0.21542 |
0.91143 ± 0.03463 |
1.18931 ± 0.45600* |
0.81124 ± 0.34001 |
1.05065 ± 0.25901 |
1.36422 ± 0.19487* |
| 4 |
0.60084 ± 0.22686 |
0.65990 ± 0.10656 |
0.79644 ± 0.30285 |
0.75146 ± 0.30092 |
0.86054 ± 0.41098 |
1.07525 ± 0.33711* |
| 8 |
0.43687 ± 0.22446 |
0.50552 ± 0.25166 |
0.58139 ± 0.11657 |
0.64006 ± 0.25617 |
0.71124 ± 0.21093 |
0.91304 ± 0.30786 |
| 24 |
0.10687 ± 0.04611 |
0.17253 ± 0.05599 |
0.21439 ± 0.04516 |
0.20100 ± 0.05145 |
0.25811 ± 0.12881 |
0.41383 ± 0.03985 |
Mean ± SD; ***significant at p<0.001;**significant at p<0.01; *significant at p<0.05 compared to pioglitazone control; SDI: Single Dose Interaction; MDI: Multiple dose
interaction; PIO: pioglitazone; PIP: Piperine. |
