Neurocognitive Tasks Baseline Testing (T1) Follow-up Testing (T2)
DKA-
Mean (SD)
Median (Range)
Non-DKA-
Mean (SD)
Median (Range)
DKA -
Mean (SD)Median (Range)
Non-DKA-
Mean (SD)Median (Range)
Visual Cognitive Tasks:
Design Recognition
(WRAML-2)
8.0 (2.2)
8 (5-10)*1
11.6 (3.0)
12 (8-16)
6.7 (3.1)
6 (4-10)*2
12.2 (3.5)
12 (8-17)
Design Memory(WRAML-2) 7.3 (2.4)
8 (4-9)*3
10.6 (2.7)
10 (7-15)
8.7 (2.3)
8 (6-10)
10.4 (2.8)
9 (8-15)
Picture Memory(WRAML-2) 7.0 (4.3)
6 (3-13)
10.7 (1.7)
10 (9-13)
11.0 (1.0)
11 (10-12)
11.8 (1.5)
12 (10-14)
Visual Memory Index[Design Memory+Picture Memory](WRAML-2) 82.8 (18.1)
79 (67-106)*4
103.9 (8.8)
106 (91-118)
99.0 (4.6)
100 (94-103)
106.6 (7.8)
104 (97-118)
Bead Memory(Stanford-Binet) 46.5 (9.4)
50 (33-53)
46.0 (6.6)
45 (38-58)
55.0 (3.5)
54 (51-57)
56.0 (7.8)
57 (43-63)
Forward Spatial Span(WISC-IV) 10.0 (2.4)
9.5 (8-13)
9.7 (2.0)
9.5 (7-13)
9.3 (5.1)
8 (5-15)
8.0 (4.3)
8 (3-14)
Backward Spatial Span(WISC-IV) 9.3 (1.7)
9.5 (7-11)
11.67 (3.3)
12 (7-16)
11.3 (2.3)
12 (10-14)
9.8 (3.0)
8 (7-13)
Design Fluency (DKEFS) 24.8 (11.6)
24.5 (11-39)
28.6 (9.1)
28 (18-41)
31.7 (4.5)
32 (27-36)
32.6 (11.2)
34 (19-48)
Verbal Cognitive Tasks:
Verbal Learning(WRAML-2) 7.0 (5.0)
7.5 (1-12)
10.3 (2.0)
10 (8-13)
13.0 (0)
13 (13-13)
12.2 (3.0)
12 (8-16)
Verbal Learning Recognition (WRAML-2) 9.25 (4.6)
10 (3-14)
10.1 (2.8)
9 (7-13)
12.7 (2.3)
12 (10-14)
11.6 (2.8)
13 (7-14)
Verbal Learning Recall
(WRAML-2)
8.5 (4.4)
9 (3-13)
10.1 (1.2)
10 (9-12)
11.0 (2.0)
11 (9-13)
11.2 (4.6)
13 (5-16)
 Digit Span(WISC-IV) 9.5 (2.9)
9.5 (6-13)
9.4 (1.8)
10 (7-12)
9.0 (2.6)
10 (6-11)
10.6 (2.2)
10 (8-14)
Verbal Fluency (DKEFS):  
Letter Fluency 10.5 (4.7)
11.5 (4-15)
10.9 (2.1)
11 (8-13)
12.3 (2.5)
12 (10-15)
10.2 (3.6)
9 (7-14)
Category Fluency 9.3 (4.7)
8 (5-16)
12.7 (3.9)
12 (8-19)
11.7 (2.5)
12 (9-14)
10.8 (3.3)
11 (7-14)
Category Switching 8.8 (3.6)
9.5 (4-12)
11.6 (4.1)
11 (6-17)
10.3 (1.2)
10 (9-11)
10.0 (3.5)
11 (6-15)
Table 2: Neurocognitive Tasks. Mean (SD) and Median (Range) of standard scores of all neurocognitive tasks at baseline and follow-up testing for DKA and Non-DKA subjects. Statistical differences (*p<0.05) are noted. *Mann-Whitney U test of group medians statistically significant differences for DKA v Non-DKA: *1p=0.0354; *2p=0.0495; *3p=0.0327; *4p=0.0350