Genotype/allele TIDOnset age ≤14 Control Age at onset ≤ 14Vs. Controls TIDOnset age >14 Age at onset > 14 Vs. Controls LMP2 exon3 N=99 N=752 p  Value Odds ratio 95% CI N=117  p Value Odds 95% Cl   (%) (%)       (%)    ratio   GG 74 480 (63.82) 0.03 1.67 1.02-2.82 83 0.13 1.38 0.89-2.19   -74.75         -70.94       GA 23 241 (32.05) 0.07 0.64 0.37-1.06 31 0.23 0.76 0.47-1.2   -23.2         -26.49       AA 2 31 0.24* 0.58** 0.23-1.48 3 0.3* 0.7** 0.31-1.54   -2.02 -4.12       -2.56       G 171 1201 (79.85) 0.029 1.598 1.04-2.54 197 0.12 1.34 0.92-2.0   -86.4         -84.19       A 27 303 (20.14) 0.029 0.625 0.39-0.96 37 0.12 0.74 0.49-1.08   -13.6         -15.81       LMP7 exon 2                     N=97 N=742       N=115       CC 75 516 (69.54) 0.11 1.49 0.89-2.59 88 0.12 1.43 0.89-2.35   -77.32         -76.52       AC 21 191 (25.74) 0.38 0.79 0.45-1.35 24 0.26 0.76 0.45-1.25   -21.65         -20.87       AA 1 35 (4.72) 0.06* 0.31** 0.09-0.99 3 0.22* 0.62** 0.28-1.36   -1.03         -2.61       C 171 1223 (82.41) 0.045 1.58 0.99-2.62 200 0.087 1.42 0.94-2.21   -88.14         -86.96       A 23 261 (17.58) 0.045 0.63 0.38-1.0 30 0. 087 0.7 0.45-1.06   -11.86         -13.04       LMP7 Intron 6                     N=99 N=738       N=118       GG 45 245 0.016 1.67 1.07-2.62 42 0.61 1.11 0.72-1.69   -45.45 -33.2       -35.59       GT 40 332 (44.99) 0.39 0.82 0.53-1.29 57 0.5 1.14 0.76-1.72   -40.4         -48.3       TT 14 161 (21.81) 0.08 0.59 0.3-1.08 19 0.16 0.69 0.38-1.17   -14.14         -16.1       G 130 822 0.007 1.52 1.1-2.11 141 0.22 1.19 0.89-1.59   -65.66 -55.7       -59.75       T 68 654 0.007 0.66 0.47-0.9 94 0.22 0.84 0.62-1.12   -34.34 -44.3       -40.25       Haplotypes LMP2 exon 3,LMP7 exon 2, LMP7 intron 6@$   2N=174 2N=1476 p  Value Odds ratio 95% CI N=210 p  Value Odds ratio 95% CI GCG 119 584 (39.6) 4.5x10-11* 3.05 2.16-4.29 122 2x10-5* 1.89 1.41-2.54   -68.4         -58       ACT 20 80 (5.42) 0.003* 2.14 1.28-3.6 34 5.14x10-8* 3.15 2.05-4.86   -11.5         -16.2       GCT 16 387 (26.22) 1.96x10-12* 0.32 0.23-0.44 25 6.85x10-7* 0.35 0.23-0.54   -9.2         -12       ACG 0 164 (11.11) 2.47x10-13* 0.02** 0.003-0.16 0 1.32x10-7* 0.02** 0.002-0.14 *p value calculated using Fisher’s exact test **Odds Ratio calculated using Woolf’s formula with Haldane’s modification @Haplotypes were made using SHEsis online software [19,20] $ haplotypes showing significant differences are shown

Table 5: Association of LMP2 and LMP7 SNPs and haplotypes with age at onset in Type 1 diabetes patients compared with healthy controls.