| Year of discovery |
Gene/ SNP |
Name of the gene(s) |
Allele |
Chromosome loci |
Disease Mechanism |
Study |
OR (95% CI) |
Reference |
| 2000 |
PPARG/ rs18012824 |
peroxisome proliferative activated receptor-γ gene |
C/G |
3p25.2 |
Isulinsensitvity |
GWAS |
1.14 (1.08–1.20) |
27-29 |
| 2003 |
KCNJ11/ ABCC8/ rs5219 / rs757110 |
potassium inwardly-rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 11 |
T/C
G/T |
11p15.1 |
Beta-cell dysfunction |
GWAS |
1.15 (1.09-1.21) |
30-31 |
| 2006 |
TCF7L2/ rs7903146 |
Transcription factor 7 like 2 |
T/C |
10q25.2 |
Beta-cell dysfunction |
GWAS |
1.37 (1.28-1.47) |
33-43 |
| 2007 |
WFS1/ rs1801214 |
Wolfram syndrome 1 |
G/A |
4p16.1 |
Beta-cell dysfunction |
GWAS |
1.13 (1.07–1.18) |
50 |
| 2007 |
CDKN2A/2B/ rs10811661 |
cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor-2A/2B |
T/C |
9p21.3 |
Beta-cell dysfunction |
GWAS |
1.20 (1.14–1.25) |
54-57 |
| 2007 |
CDKAL1/
rs7754840 |
CDK5 regulatory subunit associated protein 1-like 1 |
C/G |
6p22.3 |
Beta-cell dysfunction |
GWAS |
1.12 (1.08–1.16) |
54-57 |
| 2007 |
SLC30A8/ rs13266634 |
solute carrier family 30,member 8 |
C/T |
8q24.11 |
Decreased β -cell function, |
GWAS |
1.12 (1.07–1.16) |
52-53 |
| 2007 |
HHEX/IDE
rs1111875 |
hematopoietically expressed homeobox- insulin-degrading enzyme |
C/T |
10q23.33 |
Beta-cell dysfunction |
GWAS |
1.13 (1.08–1.17) |
52-53 |
| 2007 |
HNF1B (TCF2) /rs757210 |
Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-beta (Transcription factor 2) |
A/G |
17q12 |
Beta-cell dysfunction |
GWAS meta-analysis |
1.12 (1.07–1.18) |
51 |
| 2007 |
FTO/ rs8050136 |
Fat mass and obesity-associated protein |
A/C |
16q12.2 |
obesity, Increased triglycerides and cholesterol |
GWAS meta-analysis |
1.15 (1.09–1.22) |
71-72 |
| 2007 |
IGF2BP2/ rs4402960 |
insulin-like growth factor 2 binding protein 2 |
T/G |
3q28 |
Beta-cell dysfunction |
GWAS meta-analysis |
1.17 (1.10–1.25) |
54-57 |
| 2008 |
CDC123/CAMK1D/ rs12779790 |
cell division cycle 123 homolog (S. cerevisiae)/ calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ID |
G/A |
10p13 |
Beta-cell dysfunction |
GWAS meta-analysis |
1.11 (1.07–1.14) |
64-65 |
| 2008 |
JAZF1/ rs864745 |
juxta-posed with another zinc finger gene 1 |
T/C |
7p15.1 |
Beta-cell dysfunction |
GWAS meta-analysis |
1.10 (1.07–1.13) |
64-65 |
| 2008 |
TSPAN8/LGR5/ rs7961581 |
tetraspanin8/ Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 |
C/T |
12q21.1 |
Beta-cell dysfunction |
GWAS meta-analysis |
1.09 (1.06–1.12) |
64-65 |
| 2008 |
THADA/ rs7578597 |
thyroid adenoma associated |
T/C |
2p21 |
Beta-cell dysfunction |
GWAS meta-analysis |
1.15 (1.10–1.20) |
64-65 |
| 2008 |
ADAMTS9/ rs4607103 |
ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 9 |
C/T |
3p14.1 |
Decreased insulin sensitivity |
GWAS meta-analysis |
1.09 (1.06–1.12) |
64-65 |
| 2008 |
NOTCH2/ rs10923931 |
Neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 2 |
T/G |
1p11.2 |
Unknown (Membrane receptor) |
GWAS meta-analysis |
1.13 (1.08–1.17) |
64-65 |
| 2008 |
KCNQ1/ rs2237892 /
rs231362 |
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1 |
C/T
G/A |
11p15.5 |
Beta-cell dysfunction |
GWAS meta-analysis |
1.4 (1.34–1.47)
1.08 (1.06–1.10) |
66 |
| 2009 |
IRS1/ rs2943641 |
Insulin receptor substrate 1 |
C/T |
2q36.3 |
Increased insulin resistance |
GWAS |
1.19 (1.13–1.25) |
66 |
| 2010 |
DGKB-TMEM195/ rs2191349 |
Diacylglycerol kinase beta- Alkylglycerolmonooxygenase |
T/G |
7p21.2 |
Decreased β -cell function, increased fasting glucose |
GWAS meta-analysis |
1.06 (1.04–1.08) |
67 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 2010 |
GCK/ rs4607517 |
glucokinase |
A/G |
7p13 |
Insulin sensitivity |
GWAS meta-analysis |
1.07 (1.05–1.10) |
67 |
| 2010 |
GCKR/ rs780094 |
Glucokinase regulatory protein |
C/T |
2p23.3 |
Increased insulin resistance |
GWAS meta-analysis |
1.06 (1.04–1.08) |
67 |
| 2010 |
PROX1/ rs340874 |
prosperohomeobox 1 |
C/T |
1q32.3 |
Decreased β -cell function, increased fasting glucose |
GWAS meta-analysis |
1.07 (1.05–1.09) |
67 |
| 2010 |
ADCYS/ rs11708067 |
Adenylatecyclase 5 |
A/G |
3q21.1 |
Decreased insulin sensitivity |
GWAS meta-analysis |
1.12 (1.09–1.15) |
67 |
| 2010 |
DUSP9/ rs5945326 |
dual specificity phosphatase 9 |
G/A |
Xq28 |
Phosphatase |
GWAS meta-analysis |
1.27 (1.18–1.37) |
66 |
| 2010 |
BCL11A/ rs243021 |
B-cell CLL/lymphoma 11A (zinc finger protein) (BCL11A), transcript variant 1 |
A/G |
2p16.1 |
Beta-cell dysfunction |
GWAS meta-analysis |
1.08 (1.06–1.10) |
66 |
| 2010 |
ZBED3/ rs4457053 |
Zinc finger BED domain-containing protein 3 |
G/A |
5q13.3 |
Beta-cell dysfunction |
GWAS meta-analysis |
1.08 (1.06–1.11) |
66 |
| 2010 |
KLF14/ rs972283 |
Krueppel-like factor 14 |
G/A |
7q32.3 |
Insulin action |
GWAS meta-analysis |
1.07 (1.05–1.10) |
66 |
| 2010 |
TP53INP1/ rs896854 |
Tumor protein p53-inducible nuclear protein 1 |
T/C |
8q22.1 |
Unknown |
GWAS meta-analysis |
1.06 (1.04–1.09) |
66 |
| 2010 |
CHCHD9/ rs13292136 |
Putative coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain-containing protein CHCHD2P9 |
C/T |
9q21.31 |
Unknown |
GWAS meta-analysis |
1.11 (1.07–1.15) |
66 |
| 2010 |
CENTD2/ARAP1/ rs1552224 |
ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 |
A/C |
11q13.4 |
Beta-cell dysfunction |
GWAS meta-analysis |
1.14 (1.11–1.17) |
66 |
| 2010 |
HMGA2/ rs1531343 |
High mobility group protein HMGI-C |
C/G |
12q14.3 |
Transcriptional regulator |
GWAS meta-analysis |
1.10 (1.07–1.14) |
66 |
| 2010 |
HNF1A/ rs7957197 |
Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-alpha |
T/A |
12q24.31 |
Pancreatic and liver transcriptional regulator |
GWAS meta-analysis |
1.07 (1.05–1.10) |
66 |
| 2010 |
ZFAND6/ rs11634397 |
AN1-type zinc finger protein 6 |
G/A |
15q25.1 |
Beta-cell dysfunction |
GWAS meta-analysis |
1.06 (1.04–1.08) |
66 |
| 2010 |
PRC1/ rs8042680 |
Protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 |
A/C |
15q26.1 |
Unknown ( Cytokinesis regulator) |
GWAS meta-analysis |
1.07 (1.05–1.09) |
66 |
| 2010 |
MTNR1B/ rs10830963 |
Melatonin receptor type 1B |
G/C |
11q14.3 |
Decreased β -cell function, , increased fasting glucose |
GWAS meta-analysis |
1.09 (1.06–1.12) |
66, 68, 69, 70 |
