| Plant and family |
Plant part used |
Study design |
Experimental findings |
References |
| Aloe arborescens; Asphodelaceae |
AE of leaf gel |
Normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats; 21 day treatment. |
• Decrease FBG in diabetic rats.
• Restore plasma insulin and TAG levels.
• Increase glucokinase activity. |
[56] |
| Brachylaena discolor; Astaraceae |
DCM:MeOH (1:1) extracts of roots, leaves and stem |
In vitro bioassay using cultured Chang liver, 3T3-L1 adipose and C2C12 muscle cells. |
• Increase glucose utilization in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, Chang liver and muscle cells.
|
[55] |
Cissampeloscapensis;
Menispermaceae |
AE of leaves |
In vitro bioassay using cultured Chang liver, 3T3-L1 adipose and C2C12 muscle cells. |
• Decrease FBG level.
• No toxic effects. |
[55] |
Clauseriaanisata(Wild)
Hook;
Rutaceae |
Root extract. |
Normal and STZ rats. |
• Cause dose dependent reduction in FBG levels. |
[57] |
Harpagophylumprocumbens DC;
Pedaliaceae |
AE of roots |
Normal and STZ rats. |
• Cause dose dependent reduction in FBG levels. |
[58] |
| Hypoxishemerocallidea(African Potato);
Hypoxydaeae |
MeOH extract of corm and
AE of roots. |
Normal and STZ rats (AT). |
• Cause dose dependent reduction in FBG levels.
• Less effective than glibenclamide. |
[59,60] |
MomordicabalsaminaL.;
Cucurbitaceae |
AE of stem and flower. |
In vitro bioassay using cultured Chang liver, 3T3-L1 adipose and C2C12 muscle cells. |
• Increase glucose utilization in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, Chang liver and muscle cells.
|
[55] |
| Sclerocaryabirrea [(A. Rich) Hochst]; Anacardiaceae |
AE of stem bark. |
Normal and STZ rats (AT). |
• Decrease FBG levels.
• Increase plasma insulin level. |
[61] |
| Sclerocaryabirrea [(A. Rich) Hochst]; Anacardiaceae |
AE of stem bark. |
Normal and STZ rats (AT and for 21 days treatment). |
• Decrease FBG levels.
• No effect on plasma insulin level.
• Increase hepatic glycogen synthesis (AT).
• Decrease plasma urea and creatinine levels.
• Increase glomerular filtrate rate. |
[26] |
| Sclerocaryabirrea [(A. Rich) Hochst]; Anacardiaceae |
DCM:MeOH (1:1) extracts of stem bark and roots. |
In vitro bioassay using cultured Chang liver, 3T3-L1 adipose and C2C12 muscle cells. |
• Increase glucose utilization in the liver and muscle.
• Toxic to the hepatocytes. |
[55] |
Securridacalangepedunculat;
Polygalaceae |
Root-bark extract. |
Normal and STZ rats. |
• Decrease FBG levels in normal and STZ rats. |
[52] |
| Vernoniaamygdalina; Compositae |
AE of stem |
Normal and STZ rats. |
• Increase glucose uptake. |
[58] |
| Vernoniaamygdalina; Compositae |
AE of leaves. |
Glucose uptake in rats fed with high fat diet for 8 weeks. |
• Normalize insulin levels.
• Increase glucose uptake in muscle and adipose tissue.
• Decrease intestinal glucose uptake. |
[62] |
| Gongronemalatifolium; Ascepiadaceae |
AE of leaves. |
Normal and STZ rats (for 28 days treatment). |
• Decrease FBG levels and increase hepatic glycogen. |
[51,63] |
| Azadirachtaindica; Meliaceae |
AE of leaves. |
Normal and STZ rats (AT). |
• Decrease FBG levels. |
[64] |
| Vinca major L.; Apocynaceae |
DCM:MeOH (1:1) extracts of roots and leaves. |
In vitro bioassay using cultured Chang liver, 3T3-L1 adipose and C2C12 muscle cells. |
• Increase glucose utilization in liver.
• Cytotoxic. |
[55] |
| AE = aqueous extract; FBG = fasting blood glucose; TAG = triacylglycerol; MeOH = methanol; CH2Cl2 = methylene chloride; STZ = streptozotocin; DCM = dichloromethane; AT = acute treatment |
