Hemodynamics and blood parameters Controls Before TCC (N = 20) Controls After TCC (N = 20) TCC trainees Before TCC (N = 22) TCC trainees After TCC (N = 22) Hemodynamics SBP (mmHg) 117.3±15.5 117.2±15.6 123.7±21.0 125.8±23.4 DBP (mmHg) 67.2 ±11.1 72.4±10.8 72.1±13.5 76.6±11.4 MABP (mmHg) 83.9±11.4 87.3±11.9 89.3±15.1 93.0±14.1 PP (mmHg) 50.1±12.2 44.8±8.6* 51.6±13.6 49.2±17.7 † Lipid profile TG (mg/dl) 166.7 ± 71.3 167.4 ± 72.6 144.9 ± 86.8 137.7 ± 90.2 TC (mg/dl) 176.5 ± 31.6 179.0 ± 32.6* 222.9 ± 217.0 184.6 ± 23.4 LDL-C (mg/dl) 105.0 ± 30.1 105.8 ± 29.6 106.4 ± 25.4 111.1 ± 24.0 HDL-C (mg/dl) 47.4 ± 8.0 48.6 ± 8.6* 53.5 ±11.8 54.6 ±10.7† HDL-C/TC 0.28±0.06 0.28±0.06 0.29 ±0.09 0.30±0.07 TG/HDL-C 3.65 ±1.73 3.59 ± 1.75 3.02 ± 2.22 2.73 ± 2.06 FBS, Hormone and ET-1 FBS (mmol/l) 5.1 ±1.5 4.7 ±0.8 6.5 ±3.4 4.9 ±1.5 Insulin (µU/ml) 5.3 ± 4.6 3.7 ±3.5 4.5 ±5.6 2.7 ±6.8† HOMA-IR 1.4 ±1.8 0.8 ±0.9* 1.7 ± 2.6 0.5 ±1.1#† log(MOMA-IR) -0.08 ± 0.43 -0.29 ± 0.45* -0.24 ± 0.70 -0.61 ± 0.48#† QUICKI 0.41 ± 0.07 0.45 ± 0.09* 0.46 ± 0.14 0.53 ± 0.12#† Aldosterone (pg/ml) 78.4 ± 37.7 64.7 ± 31.4* 62.0 ± 23.8 65.1 ± 23.5† ET-1 (fmol/ml) 0.63 ± 0.45 1.75 ± 4.35 2.14 ± 4.51 2.11 ± 4.30#†

Data are presented as Mean ± SD. SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; MABP: mean arterial blood pressure; PP: pulse pressure; TG: triglycerides; TC: total cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; HDL-C:high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; HDL-C/TC: ratio of HDL-C over TC; FBS: fasting blood sugar; ET-1: endothelin-1; HOMA-IR: fasting insulin (μUI/ml) x fasting glucose (mmol/l)/22.5; QUICKI =1/[log(insulin in μU/ml) + log(glucose in mg/dl)].*P < 0.05 vs. Controls (Before TCC); #P<0.01 vs. Controls (After TCC); †P<0.05 vs. TCC trainees (Before TCC).

Table 2: Hemodynamics, Lipid profile, BS and Hormone Levels of Normal Controls and TCC Trainees Before and After 3 Months of TCC Training.