Treatment Dose /Egg (mg) Treatment day
hr of incubation with Cd
Day of Sampling % MNE
  (Mean ± SD)
PCE:NCE
Control (saline) - d 12 (24 hr) d 13 0 0
d 11 (48 hr) 0 0
d 10 (72 hr) 0 0
Positive control
(Cyclophosphamide)
50 µg d 12 (24 hr) d 13 1.51±0.03a 1
d 11 (48 hr) 5.31±0.12a 1
d 10 (72 hr) 10.17±0.10d 1
CdCl2 40 µg d 12 (24 hr) d 13 3.63±0.19b 1.03
d 11 (48 hr) 5.43±0.28a 1.05
d 10 (72 hr) 5.68±0.31a 1.054
CdCl2 50 µg d 12 (24 hr) d 13 5.76±0.31 c 1.04
d 11 (48 hr) 6.81±0.09 b 1.11
d 10 (72 hr) 7.37±0.30b 1.07
CdCl2 60 µg d 12 (24 hr) d 13 7.76±0.18d 1.04
d 11 (48 hr) 8.60±0.16c 1.02
d 10 (72 hr) 8.92±0.29c 1.01
Values are expressed as mean ± SD of 6 animals in each group. p<0.05 versus the control group; Different letters are significantly different at the level of p<0.05. MNE: Micronuclei Erythrocytes
Table 1: Micronucleus test performed on 13-day-old chick embryos treated with cyclophosphamide and cadmium at different time intervals