| References |
Industry - activity |
Measurements |
Some of the results |
| Abrams et al. |
auto manufacturing |
- massconcentration (thoracic) |
thoracic massconcentration: 0,13 - 0,56 mg/m3 |
| Rosenthal andYeagy |
bearing and grinding operations in auto manufacturing |
- total mass concentration - particle size distribution (mass) |
total mass concentration: 0,486 - 0,770 mg/m3 |
| Wake et al. |
10 industries in UK - Industrial processes involving heat |
- particle number concentration- particle size distribution (number) |
particle number concentration: (> 5,105 part/cm3) > ambient level
particle size distribution:
GMD≈160 nm > GMD (ambient) ≈ 50 nm |
| Ross et al. |
20 small machine shops – {No welding; mean; welding} |
- mass concentration (total, PM10) |
GM of total mass concentration:{0,15; 0,22; 0,52} GM of thoracic mass concentration:{0,11; 0,17; 0,44} |
| Peters et al. |
an engine machining and assembly facility |
- mass concentration (PM1, PM2,5, respirable particles) - particle number concentration |
respirable mass concentration: 0,016 - 0,022 mg/m3 < 300 nm particle number concentration1,84.105 - 1,49.106 part./cm3 |
|
Dasch et al. |
auto manufacturing -6 diff general motors plants - 5 processes |
- total mass concentration
(total, PM2,5)
- particle number concentration
- particle size distribution
(mass) |
total mass concentration:
MOUDI: 0,18 - 1,10 mg/m3 and filter: 0,070 - 1,1 mg/m3
PM1,0 concentration:
MOUDI: 0,024 - 0,097 mg/m, APS: 0,022 - 0,045 mg/m andDustTrak: 0,11 - 0,28 mg/m3
particle size distribution:
MMAD depends on activity |
| Evans et al. |
an automotive
grey iron foundry |
(PM1, PM2,5, respirable particles)
particle number concentration:
- particle number distribution (number and mass) |
respirable mass concentration:
0,05 - 0,15 mg/m3
< 300 nm particle number concentration: 7,01.10 - 2,39.10 part./cm
particle size distribution:
high concentration in the smallest channel ELPI (0,007 -0,023 µm) |
| Kaluza et al. |
welding fume aerosol in three Swedish workshops |
- mass concentration
(PM10, respirable particles)
- lung deposited surface area concentration
- fine, ultrafine and coarse
particle size distribution
- chemical analysis
- TEM analysis |
respirable mass concentration:
600 - 3 400 µg/m3
PM10 concentration for intense activity: 3 000 µg/m3(background < 100 µg/m3)
particle size distribution:
unimodal distribution in numberconcentration:
GMD ≈ 100 – 150 nm
unimodal distribution in mass concentration:
MMAD ˜200 – 300 nm |
| Elihn and Berg |
in seven Swedish industrial plants
- including
welding |
- mass concentration (PM10, PM1, respirable particles)
- particle number concentration
- total particulate surface area concentration
- particle size distribution
(number) |
PM10 concentration:
0,1 - 1,0 mg/m3
particle number concentration:
20.103 - 130.103 part./cm3
particle surface area concentration:
50 - 3 800 µm2/cm3
particle size distribution: Generally GMD < 100 nm |
| Evans et al. |
carbon nanofibre production |
- mass concentration
(respirable particles)
- particle number concentration
- particle surface area concentration
- particle size distribution
(number)
- photoelectric aerosol sensor |
respirable mass concentration:
< 12 000 µg/m3
particle number concentration:
< 1,2.106 part./cm3
surface active area concentration:
< 1 500 µm/cm3
particle number size distribution:
conc (small part.) >conc (large part.), 105 part./cm3<conc< 107 part./cm3,
primary mode: 200 nm - 250 nm and part. from heattraitment: mode ≈ 10 nm |
| Liu and Hammond |
an automobile assembly plant - including welding |
- mass concentration (total, PM2,5, respirable particles)
- particle number concentration
- particle size distribution
(number and mass)
- chemical analysis |
respirable mass concentration:
max = 1 330 µg/m3
particle number concentration:
max = 3,6.1011 part./cm3
particle size distribution:
particle number conc.: max = 3,1.109 part./cm3 |
