Pre-treatment Method Harvesting periods (months) White cultivar Yellow cultivar
Water absorption capacity (ml H2O/g) Solubility (%) Water absorption capacity (ml H2O/g) Solubility (%)
Untreated 7 2.53 ± 0.04h 4.95 ± 0.01abcd 2.21 ± 0.01f 4.75 ± 0.04e
8 2.51 ± 0.01h 4.83 ± 0.03abcde 2.21 ± 0.01f 4.66 ± 0.01ef
9 2.42 ± 0.02h 4.69 ± 0.01abcde 2.11 ± 0.18fg 4.51 ± 0.08fg
10 2.39 ± 0.02hi 4.76 ± 0.06abcde 1.89 ± 0.02gh 4.53 ± 0.01fg
11 1.87 ± 0.04m 4.43 ± 0.03cde 1.47 ± 0.05i 3.52 ± 0.08j
Soaking (ambient temperature) 7 2.25 ± 0.07ij 4.34 ± 0.06cde 2.20 ± 0.01f 5.52 ± 0.04b
8 2.1  ± 0.01kl 4.79 ± 0.04abcde 2.19 ± 0.01f 4.27 ± 0.06h
9 2.22 ± 0.02jk 4.62 ± 0.01abcde 2.10 ± 0.01fg 4.35 ± 0.06gh
10 2.74 ± 0.05g 4.21 ± 0.02cde 2.16 ± 0.06f 5.07 ± 0.09cd
11 2.01 ± 0.01l 4.20 ± 0.02cde 1.66 ± 0.04hi 4.08 ± 0.03i
Soaking (60°C) 7 2.12 ± 0.02jkl 3.96 ± 0.06de 2.21 ± 0.01f 3.48 ± 0.01j
8 2.03 ± 0.04l 4.57 ± 0.46bcde 2.14 ± 0.05f 3.43 ± 0.01j
9 2.92 ± 0.01f 4.05 ± 0.03cde 2.73 ± 0.04e 3.57 ± 0.04j
10 3.13 ± 0.04e 4.06 ± 0.01cde 2.84 ± 0.06e 4.29 ± 0.03h
11 3.40 ± 0.05c 3.49 ± 0.06e 3.13 ± 0.04d 4.04 ± 0.06i
Parboiled 7 3.69 ± 0.01c 5.96 ± 0.06a 4.12 ± 0.03a 5.74 ± 0.05a
8 3.18 ± 0.04e 5.81 ± 0.28ab 4.14 ± 0.06a 5.63 ± 0.04ab
9 4.23 ± 0.04b 5.36 ± 0.03abc 3.79 ± 0.13bc 5.09 ± 0.09cd
10 4.52 ± 0.02a 5.05 ± 0.06abcd 4.03 ± 0.04ab 5.24 ± 0.04c
11 3.26 ± 0.06de 5.06 ± 0.09abcd 3.72 ± 0.05c 5.01 ± 0.01d
Values with the same superscript down the column were not significant different (p < 0.05)
Table 1: Effect of harvesting periods and pre-treatment methods on the functional properties of trifoliate yam flours.