| Atmospheric freeze-drying |
| Run |
T (°C) |
Particle size (cm) |
Use of IR |
ARP (mL/mg) |
Se (mg/KgDM) |
TPP (mgGAE/gDM) |
| 1A |
5 |
1.0 |
No |
0.996 ± 0.008 |
489 ± 44 |
576 ± 136 |
| 2A |
15 |
1.0 |
No |
0.641 ± 0.028 |
83 ± 12 |
584 ± 278 |
| 3 A |
5 |
1.5 |
No |
0.861 ± 0.119 |
427 ± 43 |
497 ± 54 |
| 4 A |
15 |
1.5 |
No |
0.814 ± 0.204 |
66 ± 12 |
439 ± 41 |
| 5 A |
5 |
1.0 |
Yes |
0.968 ± 0.182 |
149 ± 54 |
680 ± 388 |
| 6 A |
15 |
1.0 |
Yes |
0.470 ± 0.063 |
70 ± 4 |
785 ± 208 |
| 7 A |
5 |
1.5 |
Yes |
0.607 ± 0.139 |
73 ± 53 |
403 ± 63 |
| 8 A |
15 |
1.5 |
Yes |
0.429 ± 0.224 |
75 ± 4 |
483 ± 41 |
| Vacuum freeze-drying |
| Run |
Freezing rate |
Particle size (cm) |
Use of IR |
ARP (mL/mg) |
Se (mg/KgDM) |
Polyphenols (mgGAE/gDM) |
| 1 V |
Low |
1.0 |
No |
0.961 ± 0.153 |
47 ± 1 |
399 ± 19 |
| 2 V |
High |
1.0 |
No |
2.493 ± 0.557 |
15 ± 1 |
525 ± 120 |
| 3 V |
Low |
1.5 |
No |
0.820 ± 0.023 |
38 ± 5 |
384 ± 1 |
| 4 V |
High |
1.5 |
No |
1.812 ± 0.730 |
14 ± 1 |
530 ± 25 |
| 5 V |
Low |
1.0 |
Yes |
1.189 ± 0.040 |
48 ± 1 |
396 ± 16 |
| 6 V |
High |
1.0 |
Yes |
2.401 ± 0.127 |
14 ± 4 |
652 ± 246 |
| 7 V |
Low |
1.5 |
Yes |
0.779 ± 0.270 |
32 ± 5 |
365 ± 3 |
| 8 V |
High |
1.5 |
Yes |
2.164 ± 0.955 |
21 ± 4 |
674 ± 170 |
|
