| (1) HCC near to vital organs such as diaphragm or gut. |
| (2) Exophytic or subcapsular HCC. |
| (3) Patients with Child-Pugh (A and early B). |
| (4) Patients who has an additional surgical indication such as, cholelithiasis, umbilical hernia. |
| (5) Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma 5 cm or less in diameter. |
| (6) Patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I, II, and III patients. |