Control Type 1 diabetes Sex (Female/Male) 365/244 223/311 Age (year) 46.3±9.9   Range of age (year) 22-78   Age at onset (year)   8.1±17.5 Range of age at onset (year) 　 1-75 Mean ± SD

Table 1: Supplementary subjects: Clinical characteristics of patients with type 1 diabetes and control subjects.