Figure 5: Involvement of MAPKs in HCT-8 cell apoptosis induced by G. intestinalis after 16 h of incubation. Percentage of apoptosis in unstimulated cells (CTR), actinomycin D-treated cells (ACT), G. intestinalis-infected cells (G), and G. intestinalis-infected cells after pre-treatment with PD98059, SB203580, SP600125, or SB203580 + SP600125. Results are expressed as means ± SD of five independent experiments. **P < 0.01 compared to G.