| Lignocellulose |
Extruder |
Extrusion condition |
Enzymatic hydrolysis |
Sugar yield |
Reference |
| Switchgrass |
Single-screw |
Barrel temperature 176°C, screw speed 155 rpm, moisture content 20% wb, particle size 8 mm |
Cellulase 15 FPU/g and β-glucosidase 60 CBU/g of dry matter |
Glucose 41.4%, xylose 62.2% |
[2] |
| Switchgrass |
Single-screw |
Barrel temperature 180°C, screw speed 118 rpm, alkali concentration 2%, particle size 6 mm |
Cellulase 15 FPU/g and β-glucosidase 60 CBU/g of dry matter |
Glucose 90.5%, xylose 81.5 % |
[11] |
| Corn stover |
Single-screw |
75 rpm and 125°C, moisture content 21% |
Cellulase 15 FPU/g and β-glucosidase 60 CBU/g of dry matter |
Glucose 75%,
xylose 49% |
[4] |
| Prairie cord grass |
Single-screw |
Barrel temperature 114°C, screw speed 122 rpm, alkali concentration 1.70%, particle size 8 mm |
Cellulase 15 FPU/g and β-glucosidase 60 CBU/g of dry matter |
Glucose 86.8%, xylose 84.5% |
[11] |
| Corn stover |
Single-screw |
Barrel temperature 125°C, screw speed 75 rpm |
Cellulase 15 FPU/g and β-glucosidase 60 CBU/g of dry matter |
Glucose 75%,
xylose 49% |
[4] |
| Corn stover |
Twin-screw |
Screw speed 80 rpm, moisture content 27.5% |
0.3 g enzyme/g cellulose |
Glucose 48.79%, xylose 24.98% |
[7] |
| Wheat bran |
Twin-screw |
Screw speed/barrel temperature 7 Hz/150°C, moisture content 25% |
47 mg cellulase/g substrate |
Reducing sugar 60% to 73% |
[9] |
| Soybean hull |
Twin-screw |
Screw speed/barrel temperature 3.7 Hz/110°C, moisture content 25% |
47 mg cellulase/g substrate |
Reducing sugar 25% to 36% |
[9] |
| Rice straw |
Twin-screw |
Screw speed 40 rpm, temperature 120°C with 3% H2SO4 |
20 FPU/g cellulose |
Xylan 83.7% , saccharification 80% |
[12] |
| Douglas fir |
Twin-screw |
Treated with hot-compressed water at 170°C followed with screw speed 45 rpm to120 rpm at room temperature |
10 FPU/g cellulose |
Glucose 27.72%, xylose1.07% |
[13] |
| Douglas fir |
Twin-screw |
Treated with hot-compressed water at 180°C, followed with screw speed 45 rpm to 120 rpm at room temperature |
10 FPU/g cellulose |
Glucose 34.32%, xylose 3.69% |
[13] |
