Figure 1: Synthetic scheme of AD12-FAM. Reagents and reaction conditions: (a) R1, DMF, NaH, r.t., 1 hr, 89%; (b) NH4OH, EtOH, 115° C, microwave, 1 hr, 76%; (c) Br2, Na2HPO4(aq), dioxane, r.t., 1 hr, 79%; (d) R2, EtOH, 130° C, microwave, 1.5 hr, 77%; (e) H2O, TFA, r.t. (30 mim), 50° C (30 min), 79%; (f) FAM-NHS, DMF, Et3N, r.t., overnight, HOAc, 65%.