Figure 1: Adhesion of bacteria to target cells mediated by proteoglycans. Schematic representation of adhesins on the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, and structure of a proteoglycan on the cell surface of a eukaryotic cell. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans are commonly arranged on the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix. Cell-associated proteoglycans include glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored glypicans and integral membrane syndecans (as the one shown in this figure).