Frequency of HMPV positive    patients Frequency of HMPV negative   patients P value Sex Male 34 159 0.3290 Female 14 93 Kindergarten or nursery presence 4 49 <0.0001 Residency City 21 107 0.02761 District 12 103 Village 15 42 Clinical features Sudden onset 9 55 0.7047 Insidious onset 39 197 Fever 36 192 0.8549 Dyspnoea 38 188 0.5861 Cough 29 212 0.0005  Sputum 14 73 0.3925 Wheezing 32 127 0.0616 Tachypnoea 4 22 1.0000 Runny nose 26 109 0.2052 Abnormal breathing sounds 40 120 <0.0001 Added breathing sounds 28 88 0.0123 Cyanosis 3 33 0.2300 History of chronic disease 4 31 0.6235 History of previous similar condition 23 125 0.2650 History of contact with similar condition 16 31 0.0030 Family history of chronic respiratory disease 3 21 0.2698 Mean hospital stay (days) 4.0 3.3 0.1168 BMI   Normal 41 213 0.1654 Above normal 1 21 Below normal 6 18 WBCs count High total 42 165 0.0020 Granulocytosis 29 108 0.7178 Lymphocytosis 10 48 0.5674 Clinical illness Bronchiolitis 13 66 0.0078 Pneumonia 21 60 Others 14 126 SpO2 (%)   Normal 8 130 <0.0001 Subnormal 40 114 Chest x-ray Normal 14 145 0.0004 Abnormal 34 107 Type of treatment Supportive 48 252 1.000 Specific antibacterial drugs 48 250 Specific antiviral drugs 0 0 Condition at discharge Complete recovery 3 19 1.000 Discharged with medication 45 230 Death 0 3

Table 4: Demographic and clinical data of HMPV positive patients and HMPV negative patients.