Membrane Right contact angle(º) Left contact angle(º) Average Contact angle(º)
Pure PVA 31.42 31.09 31.25
34.68 31.45 33.06
PVA/FA(3wt%) 56.83 55.71 56.27
57.14 56.27 56.71
Table 1: Contact angle values (a) Pure PVA and PVA/FA(3wt%)/PTFE membranes.