Mean Between-subject variance Within-subject variance
Scenario (1) Constant (6.8) Constant (0.03) Constant (0.06)
Scenario (2) Constant (6.8) Increases linearly according to age (0.04-0.06 as age increases from 18 to 79 years) Decreases linearly according to age (0.07-0.05 as age increases from 18 to 79 years)
Scenario (3)   Increases linearly according to age (6.6-7.0 as age increases from 18 to 79 years) Constant (0.03) Constant (0.06)
Scenario (4)   Increases linearly according to age (6.6-7.0 as age increases from 18 to 79 years) Increases linearly according to age (0.04-0.06 as age increases from 18 to 79 years) Decreases linearly according to age (0.07-0.05 as age increases from 18 to 79 years)
Table 1: Settings for the 4 simulation studies. Intake amounts are set in the transformed scale.