Age, years (No. of subjects) True prevalence (%) Performance in estimating the prevalence of nutritionally high-risk people† Bias (%) Standard error (%) RMSEc(%) ISU AGE AGEVAR ISU AGE AGEVAR ISU AGE AGEVAR Scenario 1 18–29 (239) 92.0 -0.1 -0.0 -0.0 2.6 1.4 1.7 2.6 1.4 1.7 30–49 (520) 92.0 -0.0 +0.0 +0.1 1.7 1.0 1.1 1.7 1.0 1.1 50–69 (527) 92.0 -0.0 +0.0 +0.0 1.6 1.0 1.0 1.6 1.0 1.0 70–79 (214) 92.0 -0.1 -0.0 -0.0 2.5 1.4 1.7 2.6 1.4 1.7 Total (1500) 92.0 -0.0 +0.0 +0.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 Scenario 2 18–29 (239) 88.9 +0.2 -2.7 +0.1 2.8 1.7 1.9 2.9 3.2 1.9 30–49 (520) 87.2 +0.3 -1.0 +0.6 1.8 1.1 1.2 1.8 1.5 1.3 50–69 (527) 85.1 +0.2 +1.1 +1.1 1.8 1.1 1.2 1.8 1.6 1.6 70–79 (214) 83.7 +0.3 +2.5 +1.3 2.8 1.8 2.0 2.9 3.1 2.4 Total (1500) 86.2 +0.2 -0.0 +0.8 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.3 Scenario 3 18–29 (239) 68.0 +0.4 +0.0 + 0.1 4.7 3.0 3.1 4.7 3.0 3.1 30–49 (520) 85.0 +0.2 -0.0 -0.0 2.2 1.3 1.4 2.2 1.3 1.4 50–69 (527) 96.4 +0.0 +0.1 +0.1 1.0 0.6 0.6 1.0 0.6 0.6 70–79 (214) 99.2 -0.1 -0.0 -0.1 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.4 Total (1500) 88.3 +0.3 +0.0 +0.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.0 Scenario 4 18–29 (239) 66.4 +0.8 -2.2 +0.3 4.4 2.7 3.0 4.4 3.5 3.0 30–49 (520) 80.1 +0.5 -1.1 +0.7 2.2 1.4 1.4 2.2 1.7 1.6 50–69 (527) 91.1 +0.2 +0.9 +0.8 1.4 0.8 0.9 1.4 1.2 1.2 70–79 (214) 95.5 -0.0 +1.3 +0.9 1.4 0.6 0.9 1.4 1.4 1.0   Total (1500) 84.0 +0.2 -0.2 +0.6 1.1 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.2 aIowa State University; bDietary reference intake; cRoot mean square error. †Nutritionally high-risk=Usual intakeof sodium ≥ 2949 mg.

Table 2: Performance of the ISUa method, AGE MODE, and AGEVAR MODE in the 4 simulation studies.Female DRIb for sodium<2949mg†.