Variables B Odd Ratio (95.0% C.I.) P value Adjusted OR (95.0% C.I.) p Valuea
Age of mother(years) -0.06 1.00(0.94, 1.06) 0.92 0.945(0.88, 1.01) 0.276
Education of mother     0.057   0.15
Never been to school 1.056 2.87(0.24, 34.46) 0.405    
Primary -0.42 0.65 (0.10, 4.04) 0.65    
Tertiary -0.23 0.79(0.165, 3.79) 0.77    
Secondary -1.25 0.28(0.05, 1.41) 0.125    
Others (Ref.)   1      
Household size 0.215 1.23(1.02, 1.49) 0.024 1.77(1.35, 2.32) <0.001
No. of children per household 0.188 1.20 (1.02, 1.42) 0.024 1.20(1.02, 1.42) 0.024
No. of children going to school 0.258 1.29(1.00, 1.66) 0.044   0.341
Marital status of mother     0.861   0.787
Single Headed HHa 0.065 1.06(0.5, 1 2.20)      
Double headed HHb(Ref.)   1      
Employment status          
Working women (Ref.)   1      
Housewife 0.254 1.29 (0.58, 2.84) 0.528   0.626
Sex of the child 0.583        
Male   0.80 (0.391, 1.637) 0.541    
Female          
Household income RM -0 0.998 (0.996, 1.00) <0.001 0.997(0.995, 0.998) <0.001
<RM691   15.736 (3.388, 73.088) <0.001 22.96(6.976, 75.60) <0.001
RM691-1000   8.031 (2.558, 25.212) <0.001 7.74(2.710, 22.12) <0.001
>RM1000(Ref.)   1      
House hold income per capita b RM -0.02 0.986 (0.973, 1.00) <0.001    
<RM118.04   6.987 (2.775. 17.594) <0.001    
≥RM118.04(Ref.)   1      
No. of participants in household income -0.57 0.56 (0.345, 0.922) 0.022   0.724
One person   2.264(1.088, 4.713) 0.029    
More than one person(Ref.)   1      
Total food expenditure -0 0.998 (0.99, 1.00) 0.024 0.997(0.99, 1.00) 0.049
aSignificant level at 0.05.
bThe income per capita was not included in the model.
Table 2: Determinants associated with household food Insecurity.