Vitamins
24-h urinary excretion of vitamina
3 days mean vitamin intakeb
Recovery rated (%)
Mean estimated vitamin intakee
mean ± SD
mean ± SD
r
c
mean ± SD
mean ± SD
r
f
% ratiog
Vitamin B1
0.425 ± 0.286
(μmol/d)
2.40 ± 0.73
(μmol/d)
0.42***
17.8 ± 11.4
2.38 ± 1.61
(μmol/d)
0.40***
100%
Vitamin B2
0.382 ± 0.321
(μmol/d)
3.05 ± 0.83
(μmol/d)
0.43***
12.4 ± 10.0
3.08 ± 2.59
(μmol/d)
0.38***
101%
Vitamin B6
3.68 ± 1.31
(μmol/d )
5.58 ± 1.62
(μmol/d )
0.40***
69.6 ± 28.6
5.29 ± 1.88
(μmol/d)
0.40***
95%
Vitamin B12
0.028 ± 0.018
(nmol/d)
3.32 ± 2.60
(nmol/d)
0.02
1.4 ± 1.5
2.04 ± 1.33
(nmol/d)
0.06
61%
Niacin
---
95.4 ± 28.7
(μmol/d)
0.33***
---
---
---
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Niacin equivalent
84.5 ± 28.1
(μmol/d)
192 ± 47
(μmol/d)
0.32***
45.8 ± 16.0
184 ± 61
(μmol/d)
0.33***
96%
Pantothenic acid
16.5 ± 5.2
(μmol/d)
23.9 ± 6.7
(μmol/d)
0.46***
71.6 ± 23.3
23.0 ± 7.3
(μmol/d)
0.47***
96%
Folate
23.1 ± 8.8
(nmol/d)
593 ± 243
(nmol/d)
0.27**
4.3 ± 1.9
540 ± 206
(nmol/d)
0.24**
91%
Vitamin C
139 ± 131
(μmol/d)
478 ± 267
(μmol/d)
0.42***
31.3 ± 29.6
446 ± 420
(μmol/d)
0.44***
93%
Table 1:
Correlations mean water-soluble vitamin intakes in recent 3-days with 24-hr urinary excretion, recovery rates and mean estimated intakes in free-living Japanese young adults (n=148) in cross sectional studies [36].