| System design |
Detection strategy |
LOD |
Target |
Ref |
| COC microchip (50 x 40 mm); 10 parallel reaction channels; signals can simultaneously detected in 80 nL volumes; custom-made optical detection unit |
Auto-fluorescence |
10-6µM
20 cells/µL |
HPV 16 sequences
SiHa cell line |
[83] |
| Q-NASBA microfluidic platform combines a membrane-based sampling module, a sample preparation cassette, and a 24 channel Q-NASBA chip |
Quantitatively by a common microplate reader |
< 10 copies |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae; E. coli; Staphylococcus aureus |
[84] |
| Aptamer-NASBA chip modeled on a 384-well microplate; fabricated by using MEMS technologies; bottom and cover layer: silicon wafer |
Quantitatively by a common microplate reader |
2 x 10-16mol/L |
Gonadotropin (GnRH) |
[85] |
| Reactor design contained 11 parallel channels with 2 separate chambers (silicon-glass) for each heating step, separated by hydrophobic burst valves; second chamber included dehydrated enzymes; full reaction runs not on-chip; PDMS reactor for microfluidic separation |
Molecular beacon fluorescence |
Not specified |
Influenza A/H5 vRNA |
[86] |
| Automated LOC system for sample preparation, nucleic acid extraction, amplification and real-time fluorescence detection: sample preparation chip, NASBA chip (75 mm x 44 mm x 1,5 mm) consists of a disposable microfluidic cartridge composed of injection moulded COC; NASBA instrument |
Real-time fluorescence |
Not specified |
HPV E6/E7 mRNA |
[87] |
| Electrochemical biosensor based on a polymer substrate; channels fabricated in PMMA using hot embossing with a copper master; interdigitatedultramicroelectrode array (IDUA) realized directly on the PMMA surface; 2 detection channels |
Electrochemical |
Not specified |
hsp70 mRNA from Cryptosporidium parvum |
[88] |
| Microfluidic chip (PDMS) |
Real-time fluorescence by using carboxy-fluorescein-filled liposomes |
5 fmol of ampolicon in 12.5 µL |
Viable Cryptosporidium parvum |
[89] |
| Integrated RNA purification chamber (0.25 µL) and real-time NASBA device (2 µL); channels and chambers: 80 µm high |
Molecular beacon fluorescent probe technology |
1000 CFU/mL |
E. coli |
[90] |
| Cellular and molecular analysis platform realized by an integrated microfluidic array plate (iMAP) consists of 64 processing modules, that can perfom 64 independent simultaneous integrated assays |
End-point fluorescence by using a thermally controlled inverted fluorescence microscope |
100 CFU/mL |
E. coli |
[93] |
| Hand-held heated fluorometric instrument (150 mm x 48 mm x 40 mm) combines a Printed Circuit Board/Micro Electro Mechanical System (PCB/MEMS) reaction detection/reaction chamber containing an integrated resistive heater with attached miniature LED light source and photo-detector and a disposable glass waveguide capillary to enable a mini-fluorometer |
Real-time fluorescence |
Not specified |
Not specified |
[92] |
