Table 1

Patient	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
Gender	M	M	M	M	M	F	M	F	M
Agea (years)	38	62	67	62	55	61	51	65	56
Duration of diabetesa (years)	15	4	2	10	Not known	15	5	2	20
HbA1ca (%)	n.a.	5.6	n.a.	7.7	6.0	5.9	8.6	6.2	11.2
Retinopathy^a	n.a.	n.a.	-	-	+	+	-	-	+
Insulin therapy^a	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-
Increase in proteinuria and/or appearance of edema	sudden	sudden	sudden	sudden	sudden	sudden	sudden	sudden	sudden
Therapy	PSL	CsA	CsA	PSL	CsA → PSL	PSL	PSL	PSL	PSL
Outcome	CR	CR	CR	CR	CR	CR	CR	CR	CR
LM	MGA	DGS	DGS	MGA	DGS	DGS	MGA	MGA	DGS
EM	GBM thickening	GBM thickening	Mesangial matrix ↑ GBM 850 nm	n.a.	No glomeruli	Mesangial matrix ↑ GBM 1000 nm	GBM 600 nm	GBM 600 nm	Mesangial matrix ↑ GBM 800 nm
Reference	[16]	[17]	[18]	[19]	[20]	[20]	[20]	[20]	[20]

^aAt the time of renal biopsy.
CsA, cyclosporine A; PSL, prednisolone; CR, complete remission; DGS, diabetic glomerulosclerosis; MGA, minor glomerular abnormalities, GBM, glomerular basement membrane; n.a., not available

Table 1: Clinical and pathologic findings in patients with minimal change nephrotic syndrome superimposed on diabetic glomerulosclerosis.