Figure 5: Elevated actin polymerization by oxidation of extracellular thiol/disulfide (cysteine/cystine) redox state (EhCySS). A, Mouse aortic endothelial cells (MAEC) exposed to a more reduced (-150 mV) or a more oxidized (0mV) EhCySS were examined for F-actin formation by immunofluorescence [BODIPY FL phallacidin (Molecular Probes) for labeling F-actin). Data in bar graph represents means ± SE; n = 3. B, Caveolin-1 protein amount was examined by Western blotting under the same redox condtions used for “A”. C, Cytocahalasin D-induced disruption of cytoskeletal structure was elevated in a more oxidized extracellular redox environment [-150 mV (most reduced); -80 mV (average); 0 mV (most oxidized),[26]].