Microarray analysis using duplicate protein Ab arrays (Clontech-500) with pooled serum samples from kidney transplantation patients and controls was performed, as described in Material & Methods. Panel A: The heatmap shows top five markers in AR-CGI vs. Rest comparison (3-classes: NK, SF, AR-CGI) using ComparativeMarkerSelection (GenePattern). PARP1 is marked by an asterisk. In each category abbreviation: small letters ‘f’ and ‘m’ represent female and male genders, respectively; NK–normal kidney, SF–stable function, AR–acute rejection, and CGI–chronic graft injury. The legend shows color scheme for the heatmap (red–upregulated, blue–downregulated, and white– no change). Panel B: Normalized PARP1 expression from duplicate arrays in each category is presented as means (columns) with standard deviations (vertical bars). The f/mAR-CGI vs. f/mNK-SF comparison is characterized by FDR=26% and p=0.004, and f/mAR-CGI vs. f/mNK or f/mSF–by p=0.018 and .016, respectively.
