| S. No. |
Name of Drug |
Mechanism of action |
Recommended Dose |
Ref. |
| 1 |
Nifedipine |
Ca2+ channel antagonist act as vasodilator |
20 mg every 8 h (slow release form) (start 24 h before ascent) |
[67] |
| 2 |
Acetazolamide |
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, blocks out pulmonary vasoconstriction |
125 mg every 12 h (start 12 h before ascent or during ascent) |
[82] |
| 3 |
Sildenafil |
Phosphodiesterase-V inhibitors, pulmonary vasoconstrictor |
50 mg every 8 h (start 24 h before ascent) |
[83] |
| 4 |
Salmeterol |
β2-agonist, improves alveolar fluid clearance |
125 μg bid during rapid ascent and stay |
[73] |
| 5 |
Tadalafil (prophylactic) |
Phosphodiesterase-V inhibitors |
20 mg once a day (start 24 h before ascent) |
[72] |
| 6 |
Dexamethasone-(prophylactic) |
Glucocorticoid, prevent increase in PAP |
4-8 mg every 12 h (start 24 hrs before ascent) |
[72] |
| 7 |
Furosemide |
Loop diuretic, acts by inhibiting luminal Na-K-2Cl symporter. |
80 mg every 12 h (start 24 h before ascent) |
[84] |
| 8 |
Hydralazine (limited use) |
Binds and activated K gated channels in vascular endothelial cells |
Not available |
[42] |
