| Seeds |
Lettuce |
Radish |
Cucumber |
EC50 for ions
(mg/L) * |
Cu2+ |
4.9 [3.9, 6.0] |
8.0 [5.8, 11.0] |
4.8 [3.5, 6.6] |
| Ni2+ |
8.8 [6.5, 11.9] |
18.7 [15.9, 22.0] |
15.7 [12.6, 19.6] |
| Released ions in solution from CuO and NiO NPs (mg/L) ** |
Cu2+ |
0.20 ± 0.16 (13) |
1.75 ± 0.45 (400) |
0.47 ± 0.28 (230) |
| Ni2+ |
0.26 ± 0.19 (28) |
1.97 ± 0.64 (400) |
1.32 ± 0.11 (175) |
* Values of 95% confidence interval of free metal ions are in brackets [].
** Concentrations of released metal ions from NP solutions incubated with different seeds: NPs in the experiments were at the concentrations of their approximate
respective EC50 values (in parentheses). Data were averaged based on duplicated samples |
