| Applications |
Role of biosurfactants |
Environmental
Soil remediation and flushing
Bioremediation |
Emulsification through adherence to hydrocarbons, dispersion, foaming agent, detergent, soil flushing.
Emulsification of hydrocarbons, lowering of interfacial tension, metal sequestration. |
Agriculture
Biocontrol
Phosphate fertilizers
Spray application |
Facilitation of biocontrol mechanisms of microbes such as parasitism, antibiosis, competition, induced systemic resistance and hypo-virulence.
Prevent caking during storage
Wetting, dispersing, suspending of powered pesticides and emulsification of pesticide solutions, promote wetting, spreading and penetration of toxicant |
Petroleum production /products
Enhanced oil recovery
De-emulsification
Drilling fluids |
Improving oil drainage into well bore, stimulating release of oil entrapped by capillaries, wetting of solid surfaces, lowering of interfacial tension, dissolving of oil.
De-emulsification of oil emulsions, oil solubilization viscosity reduction, wetting agent.
Emulsify oil, disperse solids, and modify rheological properties of drilling fluids for oil and gas wells. |
Biological
Microbiological
Pharmaceuticals and therapeutics |
Physiological behavior such as cell mobility, cell communication, nutrient accession, cell-cell competition, plant and animal pathogenesis.
Antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral agents, adhesive agents, immuno modulatory molecules, vaccines, gene therapy |
Cosmetic
Health and beauty products |
Emulsifiers, foaming agents, solubilizers, wetting agents, cleansers, antimicrobial agents, mediators of enzyme action. |
Food and beverages
Emulsification and
de-emulsification
Functional ingredient
Food processing plants
Fruits and vegetables
Bakery and ice cream
Crystallization of sugar |
Emulsifier, solubilizer, demulsifier, suspension, wetting, foaming, defoaming, thickener, lubricating agent.
Interaction with lipids, proteins and carbohydrates, protecting agent.
For cleaning sanitizing
Improve removal of pesticides and in wax coating
Solubilize flavor oils, control consistency, retard staling
Improve washing, reduce processing time
Prevent spattering due to super heat and water |
Elastomers / plastics
Emulsion polymerization
Foamed polymers
Latex adhesive
Plastic articles
Plastic coating/laminating |
Solubilization, emulsification of monomers
Introduction of air, control of cell size
Promote wetting, improve bond strength
Antistatic agents
Wetting agents |
Industrial cleaning
Janitorial supplies
De-scaling
Soft goods |
Detergents and sanitizers
Wetting agents and corrosion inhibitors in acid cleaning of boiler tubes and heat exchangers
Detergents for laundry and dry cleaning |
Leather
Skins
Tanning
Hides
Dyeing |
Detergent and emulsifier in degreasing
Promote wetting and penetration
Emulsifiers in fat liquoring
Promote wetting and penetration |
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