Before training After training Paired t-test Effect size
Outcome n Mean SD Mean SD p value  
Patients              
Satisfaction with the clinicians’ communication 73 46.8 7.1 48.6 6.3 0.001 0.25
Overall satisfaction 71 16.8 2.6 17.4 2.3 0.001 0.23
Goal setting and action 69 14.6 2.3 15.2 3.1 0.034 0.26
HQOL(SF-36)              
Physical functioning 71 45.1 31.0 46.9 28.7 0.447 0.06
Role physical 70 46.1 35.1 47.8 31.9 0.650 0.05
Bodily pain 71 56.6 27.0 65.0 24.0 0.004 0.31
General health 70 49.8 22.4 54.1 18.4 0.018 0.19
Vitality 72 56.9 23.6 59.8 21.1 0.192 0.12
Social functioning 71 61.1 29.5 69.9 26.9 0.011 0.30
Role emotional 69 53.7 36.5 55.9 33.9 0.657 0.06
Mental health 72 63.3 22.3 63.0 19.3 0.904 -0.01
Clinicians              
Self-assessments of their communication skills              
Total score 23 43.4 4.3 44.7 5.8 0.165 0.09
 Attitude 23 13.4 2.2 13.5 2.6 0.862 0.05
 Active listening 23 15.5 2.1 16.0 1.9 0.260 0.24
Acknowledgement 23 7.7 0.9 8.0 1.1 0.259 0.33
Suggestion 23 6.8 1.2 7.4 1.3 0.069 0.50
Table 3: The outcomes of the patients and clinicians before and after the training.