| |
Walking |
Stair ascending 17 cm |
| |
Patients
(n=18) |
Controls
(n=20) |
Difference
95% CI |
P-value
t-test |
Patients
(n=18) |
Controls
(n=20) |
Difference
95% CI |
P-value
t-test |
| Spatio-temporal parameters |
|
| Gait velocity [m/s] |
1.05
(0.08) |
1.06
(0.06) |
[-0.03; 0.02] |
0.752 |
0.44
(0.07) |
0.46
(0.07) |
[-0.07;-0.02] |
<0.001 |
| Cadence [steps/min] |
104.2
(8.8) |
103.2
(6.5) |
[-1.9; 3.9] |
0.489 |
76.1
(10.9) |
71.9
(7.2) |
[-7.2;-0.2] |
0.037 |
| Step length [m] |
0.61
(0.05) |
0.62
(0.04) |
[-0.03; 0.01] |
0.215 |
0.39
(0.05) |
0.44
(0.06) |
[-0.1; -0.01] |
0.004 |
| Lower body kinematics |
|
| Foot progression angle initial contact (+ = internal rotation) [°] |
-6.2
(5.6) |
-8.9
(4.7) |
[0.9; 4.7] |
0.040 |
-4.9
(6.3) |
-6.8
(5.2) |
[-0.1; 4.1] |
0.061 |
| Maximum ankle dorsiflexion terminal stance [°] |
18.9
(3.1) |
15.2
(2.9) |
[2.6; 4.8] |
<0.001 |
16.6
(3.9) |
15.8
(3.7) |
[1.1; 3.9] |
<0.001 |
| Minimumknee flexion angle terminal stance & pre swing[°] |
9.1
(4.9) |
3.1
(3.9) |
[4.4; 7.6] |
<0.001 |
11.4
(3.6) |
7.5
(4.4) |
[2.5; 5.5] |
<0.001 |
| Minimum sagittal hip angle terminal stance & pre swing [°] |
-8.4
(5.9) |
-12.3
(6.5) |
[1.6; 6.1] |
<0.001 |
11.3
(6.7) |
9.6
(7.2) |
[-2.0; -7.1] |
<0.001 |
| Meanhip rotation angle mean stance phase [°] |
-10.6
(6.7) |
-4.2
(7.1) |
[-8.9; -3.8] |
<0.001 |
-7.6
(7.4) |
-3.6
(7.1) |
[-7.8;-2.5] |
<0.001 |
| Upper body kinematics |
|
| Anterior trunk tilt [°] |
2.2
(3.3) |
1.3
(3.8) |
[-0.5; 2.2] |
0.200 |
14.9
(5.0) |
13.7
(6.6) |
[1.4; 5.6] |
<0.001 |
| Maximum anterior trunk tilt [°] |
2.8
(3.3) |
2.1
(3.7) |
[-0.7; 1.9] |
0.390 |
17.1
(5.5) |
16.5
(6.4) |
[1.7; 6.0] |
<0.001 |
| ROM trunk tilt stance phase [°] |
2.1
(0.8) |
2.4
(1.2) |
[-0.7; 0.0] |
0.070 |
3.9
(2.3) |
4.6
(1.7) |
[-3.4; 1.1] |
0.291 |
| Initial trunk lean [°] |
-0.2
(2.2) |
-0.4
(1.9) |
[-0.5; 1.0] |
0.496 |
0.6
(2.9) |
0.4
(2.6) |
[-0.7; 1.3] |
0.536 |
| Maximum contralateral trunk lean [°] |
2.0
(2.1) |
1.7
(1.7) |
[-0.4; 1.0] |
0.458 |
3.2
(2.8) |
3.8
(3.0) |
[-0.9; 1.2] |
0.756 |
| Maximum ipsilateral trunk lean [°] |
1.6
(2.2) |
2.0
(2.2) |
[0.4; -1.2] |
0.369 |
2.5
(3.1) |
3.5
(2.2) |
[0.9; -1.1] |
0.890 |
| Initial external trunk rotation [°] |
1.9
(2.8) |
1.8
(2.1) |
[1.0; -0.8] |
0.905 |
6.1
(3.6) |
6.6
(3.8) |
[1.5; -1.2] |
0.818 |
| Maximum internal trunk rotation [°] |
3.3
(3.0) |
1.9
(2.2) |
[0.5; 2.4] |
0.005 |
7.1
(3.6) |
7.0
(3.1) |
[0.5; 2.9] |
0.006 |
| ROM trunk rotation stance phase [°] |
6.0
(2.5) |
4.7
(2.5) |
[0.3; 2.2] |
0.008 |
14.0
(4.1) |
14.7
(4.1) |
[0.1; 3.1] |
0.038 |
