Ika |
Compound |
Relative peak areas (%) |
scCO2b |
I-CO2c |
Sonicd |
μ-wavee |
HDf |
903 |
Santonlina triene |
0.6 |
0.6 |
1.7 |
2.3 |
2.1 |
917 |
Α-Pinene |
- |
- |
- |
0.4 |
0.8 |
956 |
Camphene |
0.6 |
0.6 |
0.5 |
0.9 |
0.6 |
999 |
Yogomi alcohol |
0.4 |
0.4 |
0.1 |
3.6 |
8.1 |
1027 |
Limonene |
2.6 |
4.1 |
2.5 |
4.8 |
3.6 |
1033 |
1,8-Cineole |
2.2 |
1.4 |
1.6 |
3.0 |
2.9 |
1061 |
Artemisia ketone |
6.8 |
9.9 |
7.1 |
13.3 |
12.4 |
1080 |
Linalool |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.8 |
1.7 |
1116 |
p-Menthatriene |
2.4 |
2.5 |
1.8 |
1.4 |
1.0 |
1172 |
Artemisia acetate |
22.4 |
17.4 |
12.7 |
25.6 |
26.8 |
1174 |
Aretmisia alcohol |
11.3 |
14.5 |
11.4 |
14.7 |
9.9 |
1255 |
Geraniol |
4.5 |
5.5 |
2.9 |
6.2 |
6.2 |
1305 |
Bornyl acetate |
3.6 |
2.2 |
2.5 |
4.1 |
8.2 |
|
8 Sesquiterpenes |
13 |
16 |
29 |
- |
- |
a Experimentally determined Kováts indices on the DB-5 column.
b scCO2: Extraction carried out for 20 min. at 50°C, 100 bar, liquid CO2 (at -10°C) was delivered to the extractor vessel at a constant flow rate of 5 mL min-1.
c I-CO2: Extraction carried out for 20 min. at 30°C, 100 bar, liquid CO2 (at -10°C) was delivered to the extractor vessel at a constant flow rate of 5 mL min-1.
d Ultrasonic irradiation for 30 min., in diethyl ether at ambient temperature and pressure.
e Microwave irradiation for 10 min, at ambient pressure.
f Hydrodistilation for 180 min. |
Green Chemistry, 7, N. Asfaw, P. Licence, A. A. Novitskii, M. Poliakoff, Green chemistry in Ethiopia: The cleaner extraction of essential oils from Artemisia afra: a comparison of clean technology with conventional methodology, 352-356, 2005]. Reproduced by permission of The Royal Society of Chemistry [137]. |
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