| Parameter (normal range) |
Total |
Females |
Males |
Differences |
| N |
920 |
556 |
364 |
|
Age (years)
Range |
71.11 ± 9.09
41-96 |
71.14 ± 9.07
43-96 |
71.06 ± 9.13
41-94 |
P=0.74 |
Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP)
(mm Hg)
(120-160) |
140.61 ± 20.64
<120: 122 (13.26%)
>160: 188 (20.43%) |
140.10 ± 20.66
74 (13.31%)
105 (18.88%) |
141.38 ± 20.62
48 (13.18%)
83 (22.80%) |
P=0.41
P(χ2)=0.92
P(χ2)=0.15 |
Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP)
(mm Hg)
(70-85) |
79.49 ± 11.89
<70: 71 (7.72%)
>85: 258 (28.04%) |
79.52 ± 11.70
40 (7.19%)
142 (25.54%) |
79.64 ± 11.62
31 (8.51%)
116 (31.87%) |
P=0.71
P(χ2)=0.52
P(χ2)=0.04 |
Pulse (bpm)
(60-100) |
67.93 ± 12.23
<60: 224 (24.34%)
>100: 15 (1.63%) |
68.74 ± 11.65
117 (21.04%)
8 (1.44%) |
66.69 ± 12.96
107 (29.39%)
7 (1.92%) |
P=0.001
P(χ2)=0.005
P(χ2)=0.60 |
| Weight (Kg) |
69.70 ± 12.93 |
65.39 ± 11.76 |
76.54 ± 11.71 |
P<0.001 |
| Height (m) |
1.58 ± 0.09 |
1.53 ± 0.06 |
1.66 ± 0.06 |
P<0.001 |
Body mass index (BMI) (Kg/m2)
Underweight (15-18.5)
Normal weight (18.5-25)
Overweight (25-30)
Obese Class I (moderate)(30-35)
Obese Class II (severe)(35-40)
Obese Class III (very severe)(>40) |
27.88 ± 4.45
10 (1.08%)
309 (33.59%)
382 (41.52%)
162 (17.61%)
49 (5.33%)
8 (0.87%) |
28.01 ± 4.95
8 (1.44%)
185 (33.27%)
213 (38.31%)
102 (18.35%)
41 (7.37%)
7 (1.26%) |
27.68 ± 3.49
2 (0.55%)
124 (34.07%)
169 (46.43%)
60 (16.48%)
8 (2.20%)
1 (0.27%) |
P=0.72
P(χ2)=0.33
P(χ2)=0.83
P(χ2)=0.01
P(χ2)=0.48
P(χ2)=0.001
P(χ2)=0.15 |
Glucose (Glc) (mg/dL)
(70-105) |
101.77 ± 27.36
<70: 6 (0.65%)
>105: 223 (24.24%) |
98.74 ± 25.03
3 (0.54%)
103 (18.52%) |
106.37 ± 30.02
3 (0.82%)
120 (32.97%) |
P<0.001
P(χ2)=0.68
P(χ2)=0.0005 |
Cholesterol (Cho) (mg/dL)
(140-220) |
221.17 ± 47.75
<140: 31 (3.37%)
>220: 400 (43.48%) |
231.69 ± 46.28
9 (1.62%)
336 (60.43%) |
205.12 ± 45.48
22 (6.04%)
64 (17.58%) |
P<0.001
P(χ2)=0.0005
P(χ2)=0.0005 |
HDL-Cholesterol (mg/dL)
(35-75) |
53.88 ± 14.43
<35: 59 (6.41%)
>75: 86 (9.35%) |
58.17 ± 14.45
15 (2.67%)
72 (12.95%) |
47.39 ± 11.76
44 (12.09%)
14 (3.85%) |
P<0.001
P(χ2)=0.0005
P(χ2)=0.0005 |
LDL-Cholesterol (mg/dL)
(80-160) |
144.37 ± 41.62
<80: 44 (4.78%)
>160: 318 (34.56%) |
150.47 ± 41.49
16 (2.88%)
219 (39.39%) |
135.16 ± 40.16
28 (7.69%)
99 (27.20%) |
P<0.001
P(χ2)=0.001
P(χ2)=0.0005 |
Triglycerides (TG) (mg/dL)
(50-150) |
113.51 ± 65.36
<50: 49 (5.33%)
>150: 180 (19.56%) |
111.56 ± 64.65
32 (5.75%)
97 (17.45%) |
116.50 ± 66.41
17 (4.67%)
83 (22.80%) |
P=0.38
P(χ2)=0.54
P(χ2)=0.05 |
Urea (BUN) (mg/dL)
(15-30) |
43.93 ± 13.52
>30: 825 (89.67%) |
42.33 ± 12.53
466 (83.81%) |
46.39 ± 14.60
359 (98.62%) |
P<0.001
P(χ2)=0.0005 |
Creatinine (Cr) (mg/dL)
(0.70-1.40) |
0.92 ± 0.47
<0.70: 129(14.02%)
>1.40: 56 (6.08%) |
0.81 ± 0.17
123 (22.12%)
18 (3.24%) |
1.08 ± 0.68
6 (0.82%)
38 (10.44%) |
P<0.001
P(χ2)=0.0005
P(χ2)=0.0005 |
Uric Acid (UA) (mg/dL)
(3.4-7.0) |
4.27 ± 1.43
<3.4: 260 (28.26%)
>7.0: 45 (4.89%) |
3.81 ± 1.29
226 (40.65%)
13 (2.34%) |
4.97 ± 1.35
34 (9.34%)
32 (8.79%) |
P<0.001
P(χ2)=0.0005
P(χ2)=0.0005 |
Total Protein (T-Pro)(g/dL)
(6.5-8.0) |
6.92 ± 0.43
<6.5: 123 (13.37%)
>8.0: 8 (0.87%) |
6.94 ± 0.43
68 (12.23%)
5 (0.90%) |
6.89 ± 0.43
55 (15.11%)
3 (0.82%) |
P=0.07
P(χ2)=0.23
P(χ2)=0.80 |
Albumin (Alb) (g/dL)
(3.5-5.0) |
4.28 ± 0.29
<3.5: 7 (0.76%)
>5.0: 7 (0.76%) |
4.28 ± 0.29
3 (0.54%)
3 (0.54%) |
4.28 ± 0.29
4 (1.10%)
4 (1.10%) |
P=0.92
P(χ2)=0.44
P(χ2)=0.44 |
Calcium (Ca) (mg/dL)
(8.1-10.4) |
9.21 ± 0.44
<8.1: 1 (0.11%)
>10.4: 14 (1.52%) |
9.21 ± 0.45
0 (0%)
8 (0.87%) |
9.18 ± 0.42
1 (0.27%)
6 (1.65%) |
P=0.48
P(χ2)=0.39
P(χ2)=0.80 |
Phosphorus (P) (mg/dL)
(2.5-5.0) |
3.37 ± 0.54
<2.5: 29 (3.15%)
>5.0: 7 (0.76%) |
3.45 ± 0.52
14 (2.52%)
2 (0.36%) |
3.25 ± 0.54
15 (4.12%)
5 (1.37%) |
P<0.001
P(χ2)=0.18
P(χ2)=0.12 |
Aspartate Aminotransferase (GOT/ASAT) (IU/L)
(10-40) |
22.58 ± 20.14
<10: 2 (0.22%)
>40: 40 (4.35%) |
22.64 ± 23.24
2 (0.36%)
13 (2.34%) |
22.49 ± 14.20
0 (%)
27 (7.42%) |
P=0.30
P(χ2)=0.52
P(χ2)=0.0005 |
Alanine Aminotransferase (GPT/ALAT) (IU/L)
(9-43) |
23.80 ± 22.60
<9: 21 (2.28%)
>43: 60 (6.52%) |
22.07 ± 21.13
21 (3.77%)
24 (4.32%) |
26.46 ± 24.47
0 (%)
36 (9.89%) |
P<0.001
P(χ2)=0.0005
P(χ2)=0.001 |
Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase(GGT) (IU/L)
(11-50) |
30.76 ± 41.97
<11: 65 (7.06%)
>50: 110 (11.95%) |
27.51 ± 41.01
57 (10.25%)
52 (9.35%) |
35.69 ± 42.99
8 (2.20%)
58 (15.93%) |
P<0.001
P(χ2)=0.0005
P(χ2)=0.003 |
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) (IU/L)
(37-111) |
78.34 ± 30.51
<37: 12 (1.30%)
>111: 130 (14.13%) |
79.93 ± 31.71
8 (1.44%)
79 (14.21%) |
75.90 ± 28.46
4 (1.10%)
51 (14.01%) |
P=0.01
P(χ2)=0.77
P(χ2)=0.93 |
Bilirubin (BIL) (mg/dL)
(0.20-1.00) |
0.74 ± 0.35
<0.20: 3 (0.37%)
>1.00: 158(17.17%) |
0.69 ± 0.30
2 (0.36%)
68 (12.23%) |
0.82 ± 0.42
1 (0.27%)
90 (24.72%) |
P<0.001
P(χ2)=0.82
P(χ2)=0.0005 |
Creatine Phosphokinase (CPK)(IU/L)
(38-174) |
85.41 ± 59.51
<38: 96 (10.43%)
>174: 75 (8.15%) |
82.51 ± 57.92
53 (9.53%)
38 (6.83%) |
89.80 ± 61.67
43 (11.81%)
37 (10.16%) |
P=0.20
P(χ2)=0.27
P(χ2)=0.08 |
Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) (IU/L)
(200-480) |
304.11 ± 71.75
<200: 16 (1.74%)
>480: 30 (3.26%) |
316.16 ± 68.13
5 (0.90%)
9 (1.62%) |
285.74 ± 73.34
11 (3.02%)
21 (5.77%) |
P<0.001
P(χ2)=0.02
P(χ2)=0.001 |
Na+ (mEq/L)
(135-148) |
142.18 ± 2.47
<135: 7 (0.76%)
>148: 15 (1.63%) |
142.35 ± 2.36
3 (0.54%)
7 (1.26%) |
141.91 ± 2.61
4 (1.10%)
8 (2.20%) |
P=0.005
P(χ2)=0.44
P(χ2)=0.29 |
K+ (mEq/L)
(3.5-5.3) |
4.35 ± 0.37
<3.5: 9 (0.98%)
>5.3: 45 (4.89%) |
4.29 ± 0.36
8 (1.44%)
0 (0%) |
4.44 ± 0.37
1 (0.27%)
45 (12.36%) |
P<0.001
P(χ2)=0.09
P(χ2)=0.0005 |
Cl- (mEq/L)
(98-107) |
104.18 ± 2.54
<98: 13 (1.41%)
>107: 60 (6.52%) |
104.36 ± 2.48
5 (0.90%)
42 (7.55%) |
103.90 ± 2.62
8 (2.20%)
18 (4.94%) |
P=0.01
P(χ2)=0.15
P(χ2)=0.13 |
Fe2+ (μg/dL)
(35-160) |
84.65 ± 33.88
<35: 41 (4.45%)
>160: 15 (1.63%) |
80.04 ± 31.75
28 (5.03%)
8 (1.44%) |
91.09 ± 36.12
13 (3.57%)
7 (1.92%) |
P<0.001
P(χ2)=0.33
P(χ2)=0.60 |
Ferritin (ng/mL)
(F: 11-307)
(M: 24-336) |
118.57 ± 136.38
<11: 26 (2.83%)
>307: 44 (4.78%) |
88.21 ± 109.60
<11: 26 (4.67%)
>307: 11 (55.21%) |
162.53 ± 158.09
<24: 23 (6.32%)
>336: 33 (9.06%) |
P<0.001
P(χ2)=0.36
P(χ2)=0.0005 |
Folate (ng/mL)
(>3.00) |
7.01 ± 3.88
<3: 50 (5.43%) |
7.12 ± 3.79
30 (5.39%) |
6.84 ± 4.01
20 (5.49%) |
P=0.06
P(χ2)=0.94 |
Vitamin B12 (pg/mL)
(170-1000) |
509.21 ± 314.45
<170: 38 (4.13%) |
507.48 ± 312.21
24 (4.32%) |
511.84 ± 318.23
14 (3.84%) |
P=0.92
P(χ2)=0.74 |
Thyroid-stimulating Hormone (TSH) (μIU/mL)
(0.20-4.50) |
1.49 ± 2.86
<0.20: 33 (3.58%)
>4.50: 18 (1.95%) |
1.62 ± 3.58
24 (4.32%)
13 (2.34%) |
1.29 ± 1.06
9 (2.47%)
5 (1.37%) |
P=0.04
P(χ2)=0.15
P(χ2)=0.34 |
Thyroxine (T4) (ng/mL)
(0.54-1.40) |
0.94 ± 0.35
<0.54: 9 (0.98%)
>1.40: 67 (7.28%) |
0.93 ± 0.23
8 (1.44%)
26 (4.67%) |
0.94 ± 0.48
1 (0.27%)
41 (11.26%) |
P=0.41
P(χ2)=0.09
P(χ2)=0.0005 |
Red Blood Cell Count (RBC) (x106/μL)
(3.80-5.50) |
4.59 ± 0.45
<3.80: 27 (2.93%)
>5.50: 26 (2.82%) |
4.47 ± 0.39
21 (3.77%)
3 (0.54%) |
4.78 ± 0.48
6 (1.65%)
23 (6.32%) |
P<0.001
P(χ2)=0.07
P(χ2)=0.0005 |
Hematocrit (HCT) (%)
(40.0-50.0) |
41.84 ± 5.01
<40.0: 308(33.48%)
>50.0: 26 (2.82%) |
40.34 ± 3.35
248 (44.60%)
1 (0.18%) |
44.14 ± 6.13
60 (16.48%)
25 (6.87%) |
P<0.001
P(χ2)=0.0005
P(χ2)=0.0005 |
Hemoglobin (Hb) (g/dL)
(13.5-17.0) |
13.98 ± 1.39
<13.5: 324(35.22%)
>17.0: 26 (2.82%) |
13.50 ± 1.14
259 (46.58%)
0 (0%) |
14.72 ± 1.42
65 (17.86%)
26 (7.14%) |
P<0.001
P(χ2)=0.0005
P(χ2)=0.0005 |
Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) (fL)
(80-100) |
90.94 ± 5.06
<80: 16 (1.74%)
>100: 32 (3.48%) |
90.41 ± 5.00
9 (1.62%)
10 (1.80%) |
91.75 ± 5.05
7 (1.92%)
22 (6.04%) |
P<0.001
P(χ2)=0.79
P(χ2)=0.001 |
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) (pg)
(27.0-33.0) |
30.48 ± 1.93
<27.0: 31 (3.37%)
>33.0: 67 (7.28%) |
30.27 ± 1.94
21 (3.77%)
44 (7.91%) |
30.80 ± 1.88
10 (2.74%)
23 (6.32%) |
P<0.001
P(χ2)=0.45
P(χ2)=0.36 |
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) (g/dL)
(31.0-35.0) |
33.46 ± 1.25
<31.0: 3 (0.33%)
>35.0: 29 (3.15%) |
33.40 ± 1.50
3 (0.54%)
10 (1.80%) |
33.56 ± 0.71
0 (0%)
19 (5.22%) |
P=0.13
P(χ2)=0.28
P(χ2)=0.004 |
Red Blood Cell Distribution Width(RDW) (%)
(11.0-15.0) |
13.21 ± 1.54
<11.0: 5 (0.54%)
>15.0: 61 (6.63%) |
13.21 ± 1.64
4 (0.72%)
40 (7.19%) |
13.21 ± 1.38
1 (0.27%)
21 (5.77%) |
P=0.78
P(χ2)=0.65
P(χ2)=0.42 |
White Blood Cell Count (WBC) (x103/μL)
(4.0-11.0) |
6.37 ± 1.89
<4.0: 49 (5.33%)
>11.0: 16 (1.74%) |
6.14 ± 1.85
36 (6.47%)
8 (1.44%) |
6.71 ± 1.90
13 (3.57%)
8 (2.20%) |
P<0.001
P(χ2)=0.07
P(χ2)=0.44 |
% Neutrophils
(45.0-70.0) |
61.66 ± 9.28
<45.0: 33 (3.58%)
>70.0: 173(18.80%) |
61.39 ± 8.90
19 (3.42%)
100 (17.98%) |
62.07 ± 9.84
14 (3.84%)
73 (20.05%) |
P=0.14
P(χ2)=0.85
P(χ2)=0.43 |
% Lymphocytes
(20.0-40.0) |
28.80 ± 8.20
<20: 124 (13.48%)
>40: 80 (8.69%) |
29.52 ± 8.02
63 (11.33%)
56 (10.07%) |
27.69 ± 8.37
61 (16.76%)
24 (6.59%) |
P<0.001
P(χ2)=0.02
P(χ2)=0.07 |
% Monocytes
(3.0-10.0) |
7.19 ± 2.10
<3.0: 11 (1.19%)
>10.0: 79 (8.58%) |
7.00 ± 2.08
11 (1.98%)
38 (6.83%) |
7.49 ± 2.10
0 (0%)
41 (11.26%) |
P<0.001
P(χ2)=0.009
P(χ2)=0.02 |
%Eosinophils
(1.0-5.0) |
2.72 ± 2.64
<1.0: 48 (5.22%)
>5.0: 60 (6.52%) |
2.49 ± 1.57
33 (5.93%)
24 (4.32%) |
3.05 ± 3.62
15 (4.12%)
36 (9.89%) |
P=0.01
P(χ2)=0.28
P(χ2)=0.001 |
%Basophils
(0.0-1.0) |
0.57 ± 1.31
>1.0: 33 (3.58%) |
0.48 ± 0.19
10 (1.80%) |
0.69 ± 2.01
23 (6.32%) |
P<0.001
P(χ2)=0.0005 |
PlateletCount (PTL) (x103/μL)
(150-450) |
227.42 ± 68.69
<150: 75 (8.15%)
>450: 6 (0.65%) |
238.21 ± 66.51
30 (5.39%)
4 (0.72%) |
210.62 ± 68.92
45 (12.36%)
2 (0.55%) |
P<0.001
P(χ2)=0.0005
P(χ2)=0.91 |
Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) (fL)
(6.0-10.0) |
8.31 ± 1.02
<6.0: 4 (0.43%)
>10.0: 58 (6.30%) |
8.28 ± 0.95
1 (0.18%)
29 (5.21%) |
8.37 ± 1.11
3 (0.82%)
29 (7.97%) |
P=0.44
P(χ2)=0.30
P(χ2)=0.09 |
BL-MMSE Score (30)
<24/30
>24/30 |
19.63 ± 7.17
650 (70.65%)
270 (29.35%) |
18.78 ± 7.11
393 (70.68%)
163 (29.32%) |
20.92 ± 7.09
257 (70.60%)
107 (29.80%) |
P<0.001
P(χ2)=0.97
P(χ2)=0.97 |
| BL-ADAS-Cognitive |
12.45 ± 10.48 |
12.71 ± 10.37 |
12.04 ± 10.65 |
P=0.11 |
| BL-ADAS-Memory |
13.59 ± 4.99 |
13.75 ± 5.09 |
13.35 ± 4.84 |
P=0.24 |
| BL-ADAS-Cognitive Total |
25.87 ± 14.74 |
26.30 ± 14.58 |
25.23 ± 14.99 |
P=0.14 |
| BL-ADAS-Non Cognitive |
5.93 ± 4.74 |
6.32 ± 4.87 |
5.32 ± 4.47 |
P<0.001 |
| BL-ADAS-Total |
31.77 ± 17.58 |
32.59 ± 17.51 |
30.53 ± 17.67 |
P=0.02 |
Data: mean ± SD