Glandular cell source |
Culture type |
Suggested markers + |
Reference |
Pancreas |
Monolayer |
• Ductal cell: CAII and CK19
• Endocrine cell: PDX-1 and Ngn3 and GLUT1, VDCC
• Expansion: SMA and Vimentin
• *Stemness: Oct4, ABCG2, SCF and CD133 |
Zhang et al. [128] |
Salivary |
Salisphere
Monolayer |
• CD34, CD117, ALDH, CD90, CD44
• CD49f, CD29, CD24, CD133 |
Pringle et al.[53] |
Sweat |
Monolayer |
• Gland: NKAα, ATP1a1
K19
• Luminal cell: K8, K18
• Myoepithelial cell: K5, K14
• *Stemness:Nestin, Iα6, Oct4, SOX2 |
Lu et al. [62]
Nagel et al. [63] |
Mammary |
Monolayer
Mammosphere |
• Mammary cell: CD19, CALLA, ESA, MUC-1
• Duct cell: CD24
• Mammospheres: CD105
• *Stemness: Nestin, CD9, CD29, CD44, and CD81 |
Hebbard et al.[129]
Liu et al. [126]
Richter et al. [92]
Liao et al.[130] |
* Cells show different Stem cell markers (Stemness) throughout different culture passages
+ All gland derived cells showed markers of differentiation to the three germ layers |