| Airway |
Cells capable of stem-like behavior |
Cell response to injury |
Normal stem cell marker |
Associated cancer |
Cancer marker |
|
Proximal airway (trachea and Bronchi) |
Basal cells [10] |
Self–renewal and multi-potent abilities [11] |
Keratin 5
Keratin14
Transcription factor-63
Trp-63 [12] |
Squamous cell carcinoma |
Keratin 5 [13] |
|
Midlevel airway (Bronchioles) |
Clara cells [14]
|
Multi-potent but not self-renewal [14] |
Secretoglobin, scgb1a1 (CCSP or CC10) [12] |
|
|
| Variant Clara cells [15] |
Multi-potent and self-renewal [17] |
Lack cytochrome P4502F2 [15]
|
Small cell lung cancer |
Calcitonin gene-related peptide |
|
Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cells (PNEC) [16] |
Self–renewal [17] |
Calcitonin gene-related peptide [20] |
|
|
| Distal airway (alveoli) |
Bronchoalveolar duct junction cell |
Self-renewal [18] |
CCSP [19] |
Bronchiolar adenocarcinoma |
|
