| Steps |
Modules |
Key stakeholders |
Area of science |
Key approaches for solution |
| Production |
Research and development |
Academia, research institutions and manufacturers |
Biology and vaccinology |
Basic research, push and pull for vaccine industries and scientists |
| Licensure |
Pharmaceutical approval |
Manufacturers and PMDA (regulatory authorities) |
Regulatory Science |
Epidemiology, clinical trials |
| Routine scheduling |
Funding, recommendation and compensation programs |
National diet and MHLW |
Politics |
Lobbying, legitimacy, ethics, fairness |
| Implementation |
Vaccination provision |
Municipalities and medical professionals |
Logistics |
Registry of vaccination history, simultaneous inoculation, multi-vaccine package |
| Assurance |
Risk management, public acceptance, relief compensation provision |
Anti-vaccine activists, patient groups, mass and social media, MHLW |
Surveillance, education, communication |
Causal investigation and compensation of AEFI, Social norm, risk communication strategy, educational materials |
