Gland  Hormone/s secreted  Function/s  Pituitary gland Antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin)  Causes kidneys to retain water and, along with aldosterone, helps control bloodpressure Corticotropin (ACTH) Controls the production and secretion of hormones by the adrenal glands   Growth hormone Controls growth and development Promotes protein production  Luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone     Control reproductive functions, including the production of sperm and semen in menand egg maturation and menstrual cycles in women Control male and female sexual characteristics (including hair distribution, muscleformation, skin texture and thickness, voice, and perhaps even personality traits) Oxytocin   Causes muscles of the uterus to contract during childbirth and after delivery andstimulates contractions of milk ducts in the breast, which move milk to the nipple Prolactin   Starts and maintains milk production in the ductal glands of the breast (mammaryglands) Thyroid-stimulating hormone Stimulates the production and secretion of hormones by the thyroid gland Parathyroidglands Parathyroid hormone Controls bone formation and the excretion of calcium and phosphorus  Thyroid gland  Thyroid hormone  Regulates the rate at which the body functions (metabolic rate)   Adrenal glands     Calcitonin   In people, has unclear function, but in other species, regulates calcium balance Aldosterone   Helps regulate salt and water balance by causing the kidneys to retain salt and waterand excrete potassium Cortisol Has widespread effects throughout the body Especially has anti-inflammatory action Maintains blood sugar level, blood pressure, and muscle strength Helps control salt and water balance Pancreas Glucagon Raises the blood sugar level Insulin Lowers the blood sugar level Affects the processing (metabolism) of sugar, protein, and fat throughout the body Kidneys Erythropoietin Stimulates red blood cell production Renin Controls blood pressure Ovaries Estrogen Controls the development of female sex characteristics and the reproductive system Progesterone Prepares the lining of the uterus for implantation of a fertilized egg and readies themammary glands to secrete milk Testes Testosterone Controls the development of male sex characteristics and the reproductive system Digestive tract Cholecystokinin Controls gallbladder contractions that cause bile to enter the intestineStimulates release of digestive enzymes from the pancreas Glucagon-like peptide Increases insulin release from the pancreas Ghrelin Controls growth hormone release from the pituitary gland Causes sensation of hunger Hypothalamus Thyrotropin-releasing hormone Stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone and prolactin Gonadotropin-releasing hormone Stimulates release of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone Corticotropin-releasing hormone Stimulates release of adrenocorticotropic hormone Growth hormone–releasing hormone Stimulates release of growth hormone Somatostatin Inhibits release of growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and insulin

Table 1: List of some of the endocrine glands and the functions mediated by their respective hormones.