Drug Gene Function Isoniazid katG Catalase peroxidase inhA Enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase ahpC Alkyl-hydroperoxide reductase kasA Ketoacyl acyl carrier protein synthetase Rifampicin rpoB β-subunit of the RNA polymerase Pyrazinamide pncA Pyrazinamidase Streptomycin rpsL Ribosomal S12 protein rrs 16S rRNA Amikacin/kanamycin rrs 16S rRNA Capreomycin rrs 16S rRNA tlyA rRNA methyltransferase Fluorochinolone gyrA, gyrB DNA gyrase Ethambutol embCAB Arabinosyl transferase Ethionamide gyrB DNA gyrase inhA Enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase

Table 2: Genetic basis of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis [51-53].