| Study |
Sample Size (n) |
Study Population |
Physical Exam Tests |
Diagnosis |
Reference Standard |
Phase of Study Design |
| Beaule [4] |
30
Males = 17
Females = 13
Age = 25-54 |
Patients with hip pain >3 months and a positive impingement sign |
Impingement test |
Labral tear and/or FAI |
MRA |
Approaching Phase I |
| Bird [12] |
24
Males = 0
Females = 24
Age = 36-72 |
Patients with a documented description of lateral hip pain with elicitable tenderness over the greater trochanter |
Trendelenburg’s sign |
Gluteus medius tear |
MRI |
Phase III |
| Chan [5] |
30
Males = 17
Females = 13
Age = 17-62 |
Patients with unclear intra-articular hip pain |
Impingement test |
Labral tear |
Arthroscopy |
Approaching Phase I |
| Martin [7] |
49
Males = 25
Females = 24
Age = 18-68 |
Patients with the primary complaint of hip pain in the anterior, posterior, lateral, and/or groin regions |
FABER, impingement test |
Labral tear |
Diagnostic intra-articular injection |
Phase III |
| Mitchell [13] |
25
Males = 16
Females = 9
Age = 16-56 |
Patients with clinical suspicion |
FABER |
Any hip joint pathology (labral tear/detachment/frayed labrum) |
Arthroscopy |
Phase III |
| Narvani [16] |
18
Males = 13
Females = 5
Age = 17-48 |
Patients presenting with groin pain |
Internal-rotation-flexion-axial compression maneuver, Thomas test |
Labral tear |
MRA |
Phase III |
| Suenaga [17] |
59
Males = 5
Females = 54
Age = 16-64 |
Patients with dysplastic hip OA |
Maximum flexion and internal rotation test, maximum flexion and external rotation test |
Labral tear |
Arthroscopy |
Approaching Phase I |
| Sutlive [15] |
72
Males = 32
Females = 40
Age range not provided
Mean age = 58.6 |
Patients over 40, with a chief complaint of unilateral pain in the buttock, groin, or anterior thigh |
FABER, scour test, squat test |
OA |
Plain radiograph |
Phase III |
| Hananouchi [8] |
69
Males = 15
Females = 54
Age = 27-81 |
Patients presenting with hip pain |
Impingement test |
Labral tear |
MRI |
Phase III |
| Kapron [9] |
65
Males = 65
Females = 0
Age = 19-23 |
Asymptomatic males |
FABER, impingement test |
FAI |
XR |
Phase III |
| Troelsen [6] |
18
Males = 18
Females = 0
Age = 32-56 |
Patients who underwent periacetabular osteotomy |
Impingement test, FABER, resisted straight leg raise |
Labral tear |
MRA |
Approaching Phase I |
| Youdas [10] |
40
Males = 20
Females = 20
Age = 37-76 |
20 patients with confirmed OA and 20 healthy controls |
Trendelenburg test |
OA |
XR |
Phase I |
| Woodley [11] |
40
Males = 3
Females = 37
Age = 33-78 |
Patients with lateral hip pain |
Trendelenburg test |
Gluteal tendon pathology |
MRI |
Phase III |
| Wang [14] |
21
Males = 9
Females = 12
Age = 17-65 |
Patients with unilateral labral tears |
Impingement test, FABER, McCarthy test |
Labral tear |
MRA |
Approaching Phase I |
