Medicinal Chemistry

Acute lung injury (ALI) and its severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS), is originated by multiple insults. ARDS is a significant source of morbidity and mortality in the critically ill patient population. The complex physiopathology of ALI/ARDS is characterized by inflammation, coagulation pathways dysregulation, injury of endothelial and epithelial barrier and pulmonary edema. Altogether provides a wide range of targets that offers multiple therapeutic options. In the last years, multiple preclinical and clinical studies have been performed for the treatment of ALI/ARDS; unfortunately the major part of these studies did not give any positive result. Nowadays, new therapeutically options and new administration ways have been tested, some of them with promising results. Herein, in this review, the results of several studies in animal models and clinical trials (phase I and II) are extensively revised, giving a summary of all the existing treatments with favorable options. Also, the research in ARDS has been focused in the last decade on the prevention of this disease, trying to decrease mortality and avoid the consequences of undergo this pathology. Recovery of lung alveolar epithelia, reabsorption of edema and regulation of inflammation and coagulation cascades are the best targets to try to resolve ARDS; new preclinical studies should be performed to develop novel therapies and clinical trials should be completed to confirm the obtained positive results.

Cancer is one of the major causes of the death worldwide.Malignant cells display metabolic changes, when compared to normal cells, because of both genetic and epigenetic alterations. Number of drugs being used for the cancer treatment follows different mechanisms of action. Therapeutic strategies include targeting of drugs at specific genes or proteins/enzymes found in cancer cells or the internal tissueenvironment which contributes to growth and survival of these cells. Targeted therapy is often used along with chemotherapy and other treatments to restrict the growth and spread of cancer cells. During the past few decades, targeted therapy has emerged as a promising approach for the development of selective anticancer agents. There is a class of targeted therapy drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors which focus on blocking the development of new blood vesselsin tumor tissues. In addition, anticancer drugs also include DNA intercalators, DNA synthesis inhibitors, transcription regulators, enzyme inhibitors etc. This review focuses on major classes of anticancer drug targets and their therapeutic importance.

Urticadioica, stinging nettle, is a species of the Urticaceae family. U. dioica agglutinin (UDA) is a component of U. dioica, purified from its rhizomes. UDA which has lots of medicinal properties has been used as a folklore remedy since ancient times. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of one of a good representative ingredients of Urtica dioica agglutinin (UDA), at different concentrations (1, 5, 10, 20 μg/ml) on AGS cancer cell line by carrying out WST-1 (cell proliferation), LDH (cytotoxicity), xCELLigence (real-time cell counter) and TUNEL (apoptosis) assays, respectively. According to our results different concentrations of UDA have anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects on AGS cell line after 48 hours. The RTCAassay indicated that lectin exhibited cytotoxicity, with an IC50 value 4.96μg/ml. Therefore, our current information regarding UDA confirms that UDA may be used in cancer therapeutic strategies as a primary cure in the future.

1, 3, 5-triazine derivatives have received considerable attention owing to their broad biological activities, which have made it an indispensable anchor for development of new therapeutic agents. Owing to fast development of new drugspossessing 1, 3, 5-triazine nucleus, many research reports are generated in a short span of time. Although only a few compounds have at present progressed into human clinical trials, the prospect of finding safe agents useful in therapy, particularly in the cancer setting, is still positive. To our knowledge, few systematic reviews on triazines have been conducted to date. In this review, we have highlighted various inhibitors with 1, 3, 5-triazine core which targeting different kinases with an aim to help medicinal chemists for developing structure-activity relationship on 1, 3, 5-triazine derived compounds for antitumor activity.

According to the literature review, it was found that various activities was done and reported on Hibiscus cannabis L., But anthelminthic activity of the leaves of the plant Hibiscus Cannabis L were not reported. So, my present work is aimed to carry out the Extraction & Isolation, Phytochemical screening, and estimation of anti-helminthic activity, anti-oxidant activity of hydro alcoholic extract, ethanolic extract, and water extract of Hibiscus Cannabis