Men Women p
N 101 64  
Age, years 60 (6) 62 (7) 0.084
  Range 50 – 76 50 – 77  
Body mass index, kg/m2 26.19 (3.80) 25.85 (4.69) 0.612
Waist-hip ratio 0.93 (0.07) 0.84 (0.09) 1.04×10-12
HDL cholesterol, mg/dl 59.36 (14.43) 76.78 (21.07) 2.61×10-9
LDL cholesterol, mg/dl 143.38 (35.12) 147.20 (37.64) 0.508
Triglyceride, mg/dl 147.59 (94.08) 128.22 (72.66) 0.163
Ever smoker, n (%) 64 (63.37%) 27 (42.19%) 0.012
Alcohol intake1, n (%) 40 (54.79) 17 (38.64) 0.133
Alcohol intake, C2-units 0.64 (0.88) 0.38 (0.60) 0.085
High alcohol intake2, n (%) 8 (10.96) 3 (6.82) 0.677
Fatty liver disease, n (%) 30 (29.70) 20 (31.25) 0.971
Hypertension, n (%) 66 (65.36) 34 (53.13) 0.161
Prevalent diseases3, n (%)      
0 42 (41.58) 18 (28.13) 0.092
1 38 (37.62) 31 (48.44)  
2 17 (16.83) 8 (12.5)  
3 2 (1.98) 6 (9.38)  
4 2 (1.98) 1 (1.56)  
Data are given as mean (standard deviation) unless indicated otherwise. P values refer to a ?2 test or a Student t test, as appropriate.
1Data are based upon 117 individuals because of missing values (28 men, 20 female).
2High alcohol intake was defined as consuming more than 4 C2-units for men and 2 C2-units for women
3Number of prevalent diseases including cancer, chronic disease, any form of diabetes, gallstones, heart attack, inflammatory bowel disease and neuropathy
Table 1: Participant Characteristics.