Nanoparticle Charge Effects on Cell References Carbon nanoparticles Cationic Forms holes in plasma membrane [62] Quantum dots Zwitterionic Increases the fluidity of plasma membrane and causes swelling of lysosomes [63-64] Dendrimers Cationic Forms holes in the plasma membrane [65]   Neutral Formation of lipid-dendrimer aggregates [66] Silicon nanoparticles Cationic Permealisation of lysosomes [67] TiO2 - Inhibits tubulin polymerization [68] Cerium oxide Cationic Protein aggregation and fibrillation [69] Aluminium oxide Zwitterionic Disruption of tight junction [70]

Table 1: Nanoparticle and cell interaction with different charged nanoparticles.