Compounds
Acetone
MeOH
Acetone/MeOH 50/50
MeOH/ACN/citric acid (pH=4)
MeOH/ACN/phosphoric acid (pH=3.1)
ANTIBIOTICS
sulfanilamide
46 ± 1.6
84 ± 4.4
101 ± 20.7
70 ± 1.8
73 ± 12.1
sulfadiazine
18 ± 0.2
91 ± 2.1
90 ± 5.0
106 ± 0.6
89 ± 1.2
sulfathiazole
19 ± 0.3
78 ± 2.2
96 ± 4.6
110 ± 1.21
82 ± 0.7
sulfameter
37 ± 1.3
91 ± 4.3
100 ± 8.2
109 ± 0.3
92 ± 4.1
trimethoprim
9 ± 0.1
15 ± 0.8
23 ± 2.0
79 ± 2.4
82 ± 1.3
sulfadimidine
64 ± 0.3
90 ± 2.3
94 ± 2.8
109 ± 1.1
89 ± 0.5
sulfabenzamide
17 ± 0.3
75 ± 1.0
87 ± 8.3
110 ± 3.3
99 ± 2.0
sulfadimethoxine
57 ± 1.5
88 ± 2.4
99 ± 6.8
110 ± 8.7
94 ± 3.5
erythromycin
4 ± 0.2
16 ± 2.0
16 ± 0.6
40 ± 18.8
33 ± 2.1
tylosin
7 ± 0.2
42 ± 2.6
65 ± 7.6
95 ± 8.5
86 ± 2.9
roxithromycin
7 ± 0.4
64 ± 2.0
48 ± 2.3
100 ± 3.8
97 ± 2.5
penicillin G
nd
6 ± 1.4
14 ± 0.1
82 ± 1.23
75 ± 0.3
dicyclanil
60 ± 0.1
62 ± 3.8
63 ± 3.0
82 ± 1.9
102 ± 9.3
florfenicol
83 ± 5.0
91 ± 6.7
105 ± 6.0
109 ± 1.1
96 ± 6.3
STEROID HORMONES
androstenedione
75 ± 3.0
92 ± 7.2
96 ± 8.1
97 ± 0.7
99 ± 5.6
testosterone
76 ± 1.5
112 ± 2.8
104 ± 18.9
100 ± 3.8
101 ± 4.2
progesterone
77 ± 1.0
135 ± 3.5
117 ± 22.9
91 ± 2.1
108 ± 13.7
norethindrone
81 ± 0.8
102 ± 0.9
109 ± 1.4
96 ± 5.8
100 ± 4.2
gestodene
69 ± 11.7
108 ± 14.1
96 ± 16.2
100 ± 2.5
101 ± 13.5
levonorgestrel
74 ± 2.6
98 ± 1.6
112 ± 5.4
99 ± 2.7
113 ± 20.8
estriol
59 ± 4.2
28 ± 1.9
33 ± 3.0
20 ± 1.8
8 ± 2.4
estrone
78 ± 3.7
89 ± 3.4
80 ± 3.6
60 ± 2.2
62 ± 3.5
17α-estradiol
75 ± 1.7
69 ± 2.9
73 ± 1.0
50 ± 2.0
47 ± 2.0
17b-estradiol
75 ± 1.2
90 ± 3.7
78 ± 5.2
50 ± 3.3
36 ± 4.4
17α-ethinylestradiol
69 ± 11.0
81 ± 1.3
70 ± 0.1
60 ± 1.8
64 ± 0.7
HUMAN CONTAMINANTS
sulfamethoxazole
48 ± 0.3
99 ± 3.2
102 ± 0.8
110 ± 2.2
100 ± 3.2
carbamazepine
90 ± 0.5
99 ± 1.9
97 ± 1.7
96 ± 1.6
101 ± 3.2
fluvoxamine
3 ± 0.1
38 ± 2.0
nd
60 ± 1.1
60 ± 18.9
paracetamol
40 ± 0.1
18 ± 0.4
17 ± 1.3
8 ± 0.2
4 ± 0.4
ibuprofen
1 ± 0.16
43 ± 7.3
68 ± 7.9
97 ± 7.0
98 ± 7.7
bisphenol A
100 ± 7.1
77 ± 5.7
70 ± 5.0
42 ± 1.7
43 ± 5.4
Table 1:
PLE recoveries (%) for the 31 studied compounds and for the following solvents: acetone, MeOH, acetone/MeOH (50/50), MeOH/ACN/citric acid (pH=4) and MeOH/ACN/phosphoric acid + citric acid (pH=3.1).