Treatment Route Glucose levels at varying times in mmole/L   0hr 1hr 2hr 3hr 4hr 6hr 24hr Normal control Oral 5.12 ±0.15 5.06 ±0.21 5.06 ±0.13 5.18 ±0.13 5.18 ±0.13 5.04 ±0.11 5.34 ±0.22 IP 5.18 ±0.13 5.08 ±0.13 5.06 ±0.15 5.22 ±0.13 5.26 ±0.34 5.12 ±0.13 5.26 ±0.13 Diabetic control Oral 20.64 ±1.13A 22.72 ±1.09Ba 24.32 ±1.13Ca 24.94 ±1.07Cb 25.88 ±0.97Cb 27.84 ±0.87Cc 29.66 ±0.76Cd IP 20.52 ±1.68A 22.98 ±2.38B 25.34 ±1.80Ba 26.92 ±1.57Cb 28.98 ±1.44Cc 30.30 ±0.73Cd 30.84 ±0.39Cd Diabetic/Gliben Oral 21.86 ±1.98Ad 19.92 ±2.26Ad 16.50 ±1.66Ac 12.36 ±1.47Ab 8.30 ±0.66a 5.00 ±0.27 7.46 ±0.72 Diabetic/Insulin IP 23.04 ±2.31Aa 7.28 ±0.66 6.48 ±0.45 6.00 ±0.35  5.80 ±0.51  5.46 ±0.54  6.84 ±0.48 Extract dose (mg/kg body weight) 50 Oral 20.28 ±4.41Aa 12.60 ±5.56 11.44 ±3.75 8.74 ±1.67 8.12 ±1.23 7.12 ±1.19 8.22 ±1.10 IP 23.44 ±7.38Aa 21.82 ±7.50Ba 16.68 ±4.48A 13.44 ±3.82B 10.88 ±4.06A 6.98 ±1.56 10.74 ±4.51 100 Oral 26.40 ±2.49Ab 23.66 ±2.64Ba 22.90 ±1.81B 21.50 ±1.99B 20.06 ±1.70B 18.54 ±2.63B 24.58 ±3.70Ba IP 20.94 ±7.44Aa 18.70 ±5.42B 17.02 ±4.21A 12.70 ±2.90A 8.92 ±2.31 9.32 ±0.85B 19.44 ±9.70B 200 Oral 23.72 ±5.86Ab 20.22 ±5.56Aa 16.54 ±5.57A 15.28 ±5.68A 12.18 ±4.94A 9.54 ±3.93A 14.90 ±3.55A IP 18.56 ±6.37A 16.10 ±5.79A 14.08 ±6.05A 11.32 ±5.83 8.38 ±3.40  7.86 ±1.14A 18.98 ±9.71A 300 Oral 22.48 ±5.89Aa 19.32 ±7.27A 16.50 ±7.16A 14.86 ±5.76A 11.62 ±4.13A  9.40 ±1.74A 14.42 ±3.99A IP 22.78 ±3.30Ab 19.66 ±3.82a 17.10 ±3.75A 15.12 ±4.66B 12.84 ±3.60B  8.30 ±0.87A 14.96 ±7.82

Values are expressed as Means ± SD for five animals per group. Means within respective columns followed by similar upper case letters are not significantly different at p ≤0.05 by ANOVA and post ANOVA; means within respective rows followed by similar lower case letters are not significantly different at p ≤ 0.05 by ANOVA and post ANOVA.

Table 2: Effect of oral and intraperitoneal administration of aqueous leaf extracts of Zanha africana on blood glucose levels in alloxan induced diabetic mice.